Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NURSING
DISASTERS
According to
CAUSE/OCCURRENCE
• Natural-caused by forces of
nature
• e.g. earthquake, typhoons,
volcanic eruptions
• Man-made- caused by errors of
man
• e.g. war, civil strife or other
conflicts
• Technological
• e.g. air crashes, pollution,
nuclear accidents, explosions
According to
PREDICTABILITY
Concept of Operations
1. An emergency of
disaster necessitates the
mobilization of all
medical resources in
order to protect and
preserve human lives
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
• A collaborative term used to
encompass all activities
undertaken in anticipation of
the occurrence of a potentially
disastrous event, including
prepareness and long term risk
reduction measures
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• -a deliberate problem-solving
approach that requires
cognitive, technical and
interpersonal skills and directed
to meeting the needs of the
client
Te chnical sk ill s
• Objectives:
• Provide care of the dead
• Provide supportive care to the
bereaved family
Interventions:
•MANAGEMENT OF
MASS CASUALTIES:
RESCUE,TRANSFER,
TRIAGE and
TAGGING
Objectives
• MCMS is a multi-sectoral
coordination system based on
daily utilized procedures,
managed by skilled personnel in
order to maximize the use of
existing
resources;provide prompt and
adapted care to the
victims;ensure emergency
services and emergency
services and hospital return to
routine operations as soon as
possible
IMPORTANCE OF MCI
MANAGEMENT
• Victims of MCI can be
efficiently TRIAGED, TREATED
and TRANSPORTED in a
properly COMMANDED,
CONTROLLED,
COMMUNICATED,
COORDINATED and orderly way
that all tasks are carried out
MASS CASUALTY
INCIDENT
• -produces several patients
• -as few as six or as many as
several hundred
• -affects local hospitals
• -patients are greater than
resources of the initial
responders
PREPARATION FOR
MASS CASUALTY
• -Pre-planning and training is
critical
• -Establish guidelines and
procedures
• -Early implementation of
incident command
• -First five minutes will
determine next five hours
MASS CASUALTY
MANAGEMENT
• Simple
• Triage
• And
• Rapid
• Treatment/transport
TRIAGE
• FIRST PRIORITY
-immediate, red tag
-victims with serious injuries
that are life threatening but has
a high probability of survival if
they received immediate care
• They require immediate surgery
or other life-saving intervention,
and have first priority for
surgical teams or transport to
advanced facilities; they
"cannot wait" but are likely to
survive with immediate
treatment.
SECOND PRIORITY
-intermediate,
observationyellow tag
-victims who are seriously
injured and whose life are not
immediately threatened
-can delay transport and
treatment for 2 hours
• Their condition is stable for the
moment but requires watching
by trained persons and frequent
re-triage, will need hospital care
(and would receive immediate
priority care under "normal"
circumstances).
LOW PRIORITY
Wait (walking wounded)
-delayed, green tag
-patients/victims whose care
and transport can be delayed
until last.
-hold care; can delay transport
up to 3 hours
• They will require a doctor's care
in several hours or days but not
immediately, may wait for a
number of hours or be told to go
home and come back the next
day (broken bones without
compound fractures, many soft
tissue injuries).
LOWEST PRIORITY
Dismiss (walking wounded)
-patients/victims who doesn’t require
care
They have minor injuries; first aid and
home care are sufficient, a doctor's
care is not required. Injuries are
along the lines of cuts and scrapes,
or minor burns.
Black / Expectant
• They are so severely injured that they
will die of their injuries, possibly in
hours or days (large-body burns, severe
trauma, lethal radiation dose), or in life-
threatening medical crisis that they are
unlikely to survive given the care
available (cardiac arrest, septic shock,
severe head or chest wounds);
• they should be taken to a holding area
and given painkillers as required to
reduce suffering.
END of DISASTER
NURSING
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UNIT EXAMINATION