STRATEGIC PLANNING & SEA

Presented by :
Arnab Ghosh 1st YearM.Tech EE Roll: 11EN03F

INTRODUCTION
A strategy is an overall approach and plan. In general terms Strategic Planning is an organization's process of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue the strategy, including its capital and people. Thus strategic Planning is a decision making process that can help an organisation to focus on how to succeed in future.

STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS

MISSION AND OBJECTIVES

SITUATION ANALYSIS

STRATEGY FORMULATION

STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION AND CONTROL

MISSION AND OBJECTIVES:

A company's mission is its reason for being. The mission often is expressed in the form of a mission statement, which conveys a sense of purpose to employees and projects a company image to customers. Objectives are concrete goals that the organization seeks to reach. The objectives should be challenging but achievable. They also should be measurable so that the company can monitor its progress and make corrections as needed.

SITUATION ANALYSIS:
The situation analysis involves an analysis of both the external and internal environment. The internal analysis can identify the firm's strengths and weaknesses and the external analysis reveals opportunities and threats. A profile of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats is generated by means of a SWOT analysis. The external environment has two aspects: the macroenvironment that affects all firms and a micro-environment that affects only the firms in a particular industry. The macroenvironmental analysis includes political, economic, social, and technological factors and sometimes is referred to as a PEST analysis.

STRATEGY FORMULATION:
Once a clear picture of the firm and its environment is in hand, specific strategic alternatives can be developed. While different firms have different alternatives depending on their situation, there also exist generic strategies that can be applied across a wide range of firms.

STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATAION
For effective implementation, it needs to be translated into more detailed policies that can be understood at the functional level of the organization. The expression of the strategy in terms of functional policies also serves to highlight any practical issues that might not have been visible at a higher level. The strategy should be translated into specific policies for functional areas such as: Marketing Research and development Procurement Production Human resources Information systems In addition to developing functional policies, the implementation phase involves identifying the required resources and putting into place the necessary organizational changes.

EVALUATION AND CONTROL

Evaluation and control consists of the following steps: Define parameters to be measured Define target values for those parameters Perform measurements Compare measured results to the pre-defined standard Make necessary changes

Environmental Assessment

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

UNECE SEA Protocol of 2003 seeks to:

Ensure that environmental, including health considerations are thoroughly taken into account in the development of plans and programmes. Also establishes clear and transparent procedures for SEA, and provides for public participation

Environmental Assessment

What is SEA?
Assessment of environmental effects of policies, plans and programmes Environmental issues included at earliest stage in planning process (allows consideration of alternatives often ignored in the project level EIAs) Facilitates long-term planning and anticipation of environmental problems Includes assessment of cumulative, indirect, synergistic, delayed, regional, trans-boundary and global impacts Reduces time and effort required in project level EIA by identifying issues and initiating baseline studies

Environmental Assessment

According to Partidario, SEA is.

An instrument (process) that assists and facilitates decision-making. An instrument that acts at strategic levels of decision-making. Flexible, diversified, taylor-made to each decision process.

Participated.

Main differences between SEA and EIA

Aims and objectives of SEA:

To help achieve environmental protection and sustainable development by: Consideration of environmental effects of proposed strategic actions Identification of the best practicable environmental option Early warning of cumulative effects and large-scale changes To strengthen and streamline project EIA by: Prior identification of scope of potential impacts and information needs Clearance of strategic issues and concerns related to justification of proposals Reducing the time and effort necessary to conduct individual reviews

To integrate the environment into sector-specific decisionmaking by:

Promoting environmentally sound and sustainable proposals Changing the way decisions are made.

Principles of SEA
Fit for purpose: the process should be customised to the characteristics of policy and plan-making Objective-led: the process should be undertaken with reference to environmental goals and priorities Sustainability-oriented: the process should facilitate identification of development options and proposals that are environmentally sustainable Integrated: the process should be related to parallel economic and social appraisals and tiered to project EIA where appropriate.

 Transparent: the process should have clear, easily understood information requirements including provision for public reporting Cost-effective: the process should achieve its objectives within limits of available information, time and issues Relevant: the process should be focus on issues that matter Practical: the process should provide information that is required for decision-making

SEA main procedural steps:

1) Initiation (determine the need and type of SEA) 2) Scoping (identify alternatives and impacts to be assessed) 3) Policy Appraisal / Impacts Assessment 4) Quality Review (seek input or advice from external institutions/ experts) 5) Public Participation 6) Documentation (report on SEA conclusions) 7) Decision-making (take SEA conclusions into account) 8) Post-decision (identify follow-up measures of overall impact of projects, and measures resulting from policies, plans or programmes

Environmental Assessment

The SEA Process - An Overview

Scope of SEA applications:

SEA is currently or potentially applied to: International Treaties Privatisation Structural Operations Programmes National Budget Multi-annual investment plans Legislative proposals Sectoral and global policies Area-wide or land-use planning Sectoral planning

REFERENCES
Partidrio, M.R., 2003. Strategic Impact Assessment for Spatial Planning methodological guidance for application in Portugal, Final report of a research project, FCT-UNL. Partidrio, M. R., 1999, Strategic Environmental Assessment principles and potential, ch 4, in Petts,Judith (Ed.), Handbook on Environmental Impact Assessment, Blackwell, London: 60-73. Maria Rosrio Partidrio, Strategic Environmental Assessment(SEA) current practices, future demands and capacitybuilding needs. Stephen G. Haines (2004). ABCs of strategic management : an executive briefing and plan-to-plan day on strategic management in the 21st century

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