ADJECTIVES / ADVERBS

Adjectives describe nouns. They have the same form in both the singular and plural. They normally go before nouns. They also go after the verbs :appear, be, become, feel, seem, taste etc

ADVERBS
ADVERBS normally describe verbs, adjectives and other adverbs . They say: how (adverbs of manner), where (adverbs of place), when (adverbs of time), how much/to what extent (adverbs of degree) or how often (adverbs of frequency) something happens.

Formation of Adverbs from adjectives

Most adverbs are formed by adding ly to an adjective. (Eg. quick-quickly)

Adjectives ending in ic add -ally to form their adverbs (Eg. dramatic-dramatically) Adjectives ending in le drop-le and add -ly to form their adverbs (terrible-terribly) Adjectives ending in consonant +y drop y and add ily to their adverbs. (happy-happily)

Adjectives ending in ly (friendly, lonely, lovely, fatherly, silly, lively, ugly. etc) form their adverbs with in a .way (eg. in a friedly way.) Adjectives ending in e form their adverbs adding ly without dropping-e eg. rarerarely. Exceptions: whole-wholly, true-truly

Adjectives turned into adverbs

Adj + subst Beautiful dog frumos Ly

adv+vb He writes beautifully frumos

ly

Happy Gentle Automatic Good

happily gently automatically well

Some adjectives have the same form as the adverbs

Hard Fast Straight Still Early Worse/worst Better/best

Some other adjectives ending in ly cannot form adverbs only adverbial phrases

Silly Friendly Cowardly

in a silly way in a friendly way in a cowardly way

Some adverbs can have two forms with or without ly with a difference in meaning

Hard greu Hardly de-abia left Free gratis Freely liber

make a lot of effort almost none without paying without restrictions

He works hard He hardly had any money The icecream is free You can go in Europe freely

High inalt/sus distanta a long way up Highly inalt/bun opinie have a good opinio
Clear sta departe de keep away Clearly clar so we can understand Late tarziu Lately recent recently

The balloon is high in the sky They think highly about you
Stand clear of drugs Speak clearly Its late, we should go home I havent seen you lately

Comparatives and Superlatives

1.Comparatives forms of adjectives and adverbs We use comparative adjectives and adverbs to say that two things are unequal in some way. With these forms, we use the conjunction than. Eg. Earth is smaller than Jupiter. I can eat metal more quickly than cloth.

Superlatives forms
We use the superlatives to compare something with all other examples in a group: Eg. Of all those things, the tablecloth was the most difficult. Sentence like this have a singular verb: Eg. One of the most unusual things is the skeleton of an Egyptian cat.

Comparison of equality

a. We use as....as to compare things which are equal in some way: I cut off a piece as wide as my finger. I ate it as quickly as I could. b. This often occurs with a negative. Eating a tyre isnt as easy as eating the metal parts of a bicycle. The Prime minister isnt anywhere near as popular as monsieur Mangetout.

c. Always use more than with comparisons of -ly, even short ones.
He is quicker than me. He is more quickly than me . d. However, some common adverbs have the same form as the adjective. These include: fast, hard, high, low, late, long, straight: He is faster than me . He can run faster and jump higher than me.

The comparative forms of good and bad are also used as adverbs:
She runs better than John. He played worse than he usually played. Ex.6.b/13. Use comparative adverbs to compare your self or members of your family. Use these prompts: 1.Run /fast. 3.drive/ careful 2.sing/good 4.speak English/fluent