Water Resources Planning & Management

Dr.P.Vincent, Professor, Dept.of Civil Engg Mepco Schlenk Engg.College, Sivakasi.

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Introduction
Essential Life, Food production, Economic Development Impossible Substitute, Difficult depollute, Expensive transport Diversion, Transport, Storage, Recycling Surface & Ground Water Major role Catering all kinds of needs
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Cont
National water policy (1987) Planning & Operation of system Allocation priorities
Drinking water Irrigation Hydropower Ecology Agricultural & Non-Agricultural Industries Navigation

India Annual ppn 4000 km3 (SW & NE Monsoon) 20 Major rivers Several tributaries Many perennial ( Ganges, Bramaputra, Indus) GW Accounts 80% Domestic water & >45% of total irrigation Country Water stressed availability < 1700m3 per year
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Cont
In India per capita SW availability in 1991 2309 m3, 2001 1902 m3. In 2025 1401 m3 (projected) & 2050 1191 m3 (projected) Proper planning, development & management - essential.

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Mans Influence on Hydrological cycle

Qualitative & Quantitative change Dams & Reservoirs, Land use change, Irrigation, etc., 4 Major groups : Affecting hydrological region
Diversion of river runoff Construction of water storage structures Afforestation & Deforestation, Urbanization, Agricultural practice, etc., 5/23/2013 5 Climate change at regional & global level.

Precipitation Variability
Long term a.a.r 1160mm Highest annual rainfall 11,690 mm Mousinram Cherrapunji Megalaya NE Daily rainfall 1040 mm of rain pours - <120 days (June September)

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Water Management in India

A holistic, well planned long term strategy needed sustainable WRM India Data collection, recording, monitoring, processing, storage, retrieval & dissemination. Not only for mgt. also planning & design of WR structures. DSS, Knowledge sharing, peoples participation, mass communication, capacity building essential WRM.
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Important aspects of WRM

Flood Management Drought Management Ground Water Management Conjunctive use of SW & GW Water conservation Watershed Management Rainwater harvesting Water quality conservation and environment restoration
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Contd.
Recycle and Reuse of water Inter - basin Water transfer Vulnerability to climate change and adaptation changes Water demand reduction and management resources Legal restrictions on water use Land use planning and cropping pattern Demand management for Urban areas and industries 5/23/2013 Water prizing

Contd.
Desalination of water Data monitoring and information system Application of DSS in water resources Eco hydrological approach in WRM People participation and capacity building Unit rate Economic incentives.
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Water resources project planning

Statement of purpose Evaluation of alternatives Systematic consideration of project Selection of project
Hydrology, Geology, water & land mgt.- besides social, political and environmental factors Selection complex task large number of variables Final decision

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Investigation in project planning

Explanatory studies reconnaissance survey field data all activities identified Feasibility studies performance, cost, quality Final studies
Design details Construction drawings & specifications Best alternative comparison
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Statement of objectives
decided by decision makers

Objectives are 2 different levels

Regional level (broader sense)
Economic efficiency Income redistribution Regional development Quality of environment Employment potential

Project level (more specific)

Increase food production Augmentation of existing HP, Irrigation, flood control, etc., 13 Enhanced quality of environment

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Planning Data requirement and collection

Sufficient field data and other informations Identify critical problem areas Data:
Hydrologic and climate data Geological data Topographical data

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Current data Land use, population, topography, water resources, HPP Historical data 30 to 50 yrs. Inadequate data Generate data various methods New gauging sites installed beginning of planning
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Multipurpose Project Planning

Basic factor design compromise Effective operational Salient characteristics design physical works plan 2 alternatives possible

Assume no storage is jointly used Assume all storage is jointly used

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Drawbacks in Project Planning

Unsound preliminary report Inappropriate design criteria Time lag construction use of project Neglecting economic analysis Non consideration of marginal cost Failure consider all alternatives Non consideration next best alternative
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Conclusion
To achieve better WRM : Co-ordination among various departments No political influence Scientific ways of water management Recycle & reuse of water Depollution of available WR Development of new water resources projects Public awareness
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Contd.,

Proper Data collection & storage Public participation Environmental awareness Sustainable Development

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THANK YOU

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