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OVERVIEW
D - Tool radius offset selection F - Feedrate I - Radius of first circle(or finished circle if no K) K - Radius of finished circle (optional) L - Loop count for deeper pockets (used with a G91) Q - Incremental radius step (required with K) Z - Depth of cut (or increment with L)
This is an standard feature
Only one pass is required for this example, so there is only an I value (circle radius) in the G12 line. G12 will use conventional rather than climb milling
This example requires more passes in both the radius and depth so K, Q and L (and a G91) are used in addition to I.
G51-SCALING
Used to proportionally increase or decrease X, Y, Z, I, J, K, or R values in subsequent lines of code G51 [X] [Y] [Z] [P]
With G51, you can easily create different size parts by just changing the P value. G50 - Cancel Scaling This is an optional feature along with G68 - Rotation.
X - Optional X-axis center of scaling Y - Optional Y-axis center of scaling Z - Optional Z-axis center of scaling P - Optional scaling factor, 3 place decimal from 0.001 to 8383.000
G51-SCALING
(cont)
Setting 71- If P is not used, Setting 71 is the default scaling factor.
G51 X1. 5 Y1.0 (Scaling center is at X1.5, Y1.0 and the scale factor is determined by Setting 71)
If X, Y, or Z are not used, the current work coordinate is used as the scaling center
G00 X1.0 Y2.0 G51 P2. (Scaling center is at X1.0, Y2.0 with a scale factor of 2.)
The factory default for setting 71 is 1.0, meaning no scaling would take place.
G51-SCALING
(Example)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; G51 P2. ; (Scale factor of 2.) M97 P10 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N10 G00 X1. Y1. ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. ; X2. F20. ; (Original Y2. ; geometry) G03 X1. R0.5 ; G01 Y1. ; G00 Z0.1 ; M99 ;
Z values will also be doubled, so depth of pocket will be -1.0.
Take geometry shown by dashed line and double the size. Use the original work coordinate origin as the scaling center. = Work coordinate origin = Center of scaling
G51-SCALING
(Example 2)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; G51 X1.5 Y1.5 P2.; (Scaling center X1.5 Y1.5) M97 P10 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N10 G00 X1. Y1. ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. ; X2. F20. ; (Original Y2. ; G03 X1. R0.5 ; geometry) G01 Y1. ; G00 Z0.1 ; M99 ;
Take geometry shown by dashed line and double the size. Use a different work coordinate as the scaling center. = Work coordinate origin = Center of scaling
G51-SCALING (Example 3)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S2500 M03 ; G51 P1.5 ; (Scale Factor of 1.5) M97 P10 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N10 G00 X-0.125. Y-0.2. ; G01 Z-0.5 F50. ; Y3.125. F20. ; G02 X0.25Y3.375 R0.375 ; G01 X1.6562 ; G02 x2. Y3.0313 R0.3437 ; G01 Y2.125 ; (Original G03 X2.375 Y1.75 R0.375 ; geometry) G01 X3.5 ; G02 4. Y1.25 R0.5 ; G01 Y0.4375 ; G02 X3.4375 Y-0.125 R0.5625 ; G01 X-0.2 ; G00 Z0.1 M09 ; M99 ;
The smaller area is the original geometry. You can make the part 1.5 times larger with a G51 P1.5 like shown at right. = Work coordinate origin = Center of scaling
Must be used with a G49 if you have a Z value (G49 cancels tool offset)
G68-ROTATION
Used to rotate subsequent X, Y, Z, I, J, or K values by a specified angle using a center of rotation [G17] [G18] [G19] G68 [a] [b] [R]
G17, G18, G19 - Plane of Rotation a - Center of rotation for the first axis b - Center of rotation for the second axis R - Angle of rotation in degrees, from 360.000 to -360.000, 3-place decimal
G68-ROTATION
(cont)
Setting 72 - If R is not included in the G68 line, Setting 72 is the default angle of rotation Setting 73 - Must be on to have the rotational value incrementally change in G91 mode Can be combined with Scaling Scaling should be activated first Cutter Comp should be turned on after G51 or G68 commands and turned off before G50 and G69.
The factory default of Setting 72 is 0.0.
G68 - ROTATION
(Example)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; M97 P10 L8; (Pocket routine is done 8 times.) G69 M09 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N10 G91 G68 X0 Y0 R45. ; (Rotate 45) G90 ; G00 X1. Y1. Z0.1 ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. M08 ; X2. F20. ; (Window Y2. ; geometry) G03 X1. R0.5 ; G01 Y1. ; G00 Z0.1 ; M99 ;
We will take one of the arched windows and rotate it around the origin in 45 degree increments. = Work coordinate origin = Center of scaling
By altering the L and R in the underlined blocks you can vary the number of windows cut.
G68 - ROTATION
(Example 2)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; M97 P10 L6; G69 M09 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N10 G91 G68 X0 Y0 R60. ; (Rotate 60) G90 ; G00 X-0.4911 Y2.9062 ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. M08 ; G02 X0.4911 Y2.9062 I0.4911 J0.0938; G01 X0.1228 Y0.9774 ; G02 X-0.1228 Y0.9766 I-0.1228 J0.0234; G01 X-0.4911 Y2.9062 G00 Z0.1 ; M99 ;
We will take a pocket that is geometry) uniform around the X-axis, and rotate it around the origin in 60 degree increments. = Work coordinate origin = Center of scaling Note that in this and the last example we included an X and Y in
G101-MIRROR IMAGE
Used to produce a mirror image of a sequence of codes around an X, Y, Z, A or B axis G101 [X] [Y] [Z] [A] [B]
At
least one axis must be specified Any value given will be ignored G100 cancels mirror image
You can mirror image more than one axis at a time. This is an standard control feature.
G101-MIRROR IMAGE
(cont)
Setting 45 - Mirror image X-axis Setting 46 - Mirror image Y- axis Setting 47 - Mirror image Z-axis Setting 48 - Mirror image A-axis Setting 80 - Mirror image B-axis These settings activate mirror imaging without using G101 If only one axis is mirrored, climb milling will be changed to conventional milling (i.e. direction of travel will be reversed). Cutter When you use these settings, mirror imaging will be compensation is also reversed.
active until you manually turn the settings off.
G101-MIRROR IMAGE
(Example)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; M97 P20 ; N10 G101 X0 ; M97 P20 ; G100 ; G00 Z0.1 ; M09 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N20 G00 X-0.4653 Y0.052 ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. M08 ; In this example, we will mirror G01 X-1.2153 Y0.552 ; the Pocket on the right in the XG03 X-1.3059 Y0.528 R.0625 ; axis, producing a similar pocket G01 X-1.5559 Y0.028 ; on the left. G03 X-1.5559 Y-0.028 R.0625 ; G01 X-1.3059 Y-0.528 ; Because the pocket is symmetrical around the G03 X-1.2153 Y-0.552 R.0625 ; G01 X-0.4653 Y-0.052 ; X-axis, we could add a Y0 in line N10 and not change the part. This would allow us to Climb G03 X-0.4653 Y0.052 R.0625 ; M99 ; Mill on the second pocket as well as the first.
(Pocket geometry)
G101-MIRROR IMAGE
(Example 2)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; M97 P10 ; N10 G101 Y0 ; (Mirror in Y-axis) M97 P20 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N20 G00 X2. Y2. ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. ; X4. F20. ; (Original Y4. ; geometry) G03 X2. R1. ; In this example, we will mirror the pocket G01 Y2. ; on top, in the Y-axis, producing a similar G00 Z0.1 ; pocket on the bottom. M99 ; In this example, Climb Milling on the first pocket is changed
to Conventional on the second pocket.
G101-MIRROR IMAGE
(Example 3)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S500 M03 ; M97 P10 ; N10 G101 Y0 X0; (Mirror in XM97 P20 ; and Y- axes) G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; N20 G00 X2. Y2. ; G01 Z-0.5 F15. ; X4. F20. ; Y4. ; G03 X2. R1. ; G01 Y2. ; G00 Z0.1 ; M99 ;
If we add an X0 to line N10, it will produce results shown above. Climb Milling will also take place on the second pocket.
G150-POCKET MILLING
Used to mill a pocket by defining only the outside shape of the pocket G150 G41* P F D I J K Q R X Y Z [L] [S]
P - Number of Sub-program defining pocket(required) F - Feedrate D - Tool diameter offset selection I - X-axis cut increment (I or J is required) J - Y-axis cut increment K - Finish cut allowance Q - Incremental Z-axis cut depth per pass (>0) (reqiuired) R - R plane position (required) X & Y - Position of starting hole Z - Final depth of pocket L - Optional repetition count for additional pockets S - Optional spindle speed This Comp is an standard control feature. * G42, Cutter Right, is also permissible
Codes other than G, I, R, X and Y in the Subprogram are ignored The first move in the Sub-program should be from the clearing hole to a point on the pocket edge The last move in the Sub-program should be to that same starting point on the pocket edge You can use either G91 (Incremental) or G90 (Absolute) moves in the Sub-program
The finishing pass, K, is taken at the full depth (Z) of the pocket. It is also possible to program an island within a pocket. (See the Operators Manual for an example of this.) You can not use a G68 with G150
G150-POCKET MILLING
(Example)
O0010 ; T1 M06 ; G54 G90 G00 X3.0 Y3.5 ; G43 Z0.1 H1 ; S2500 M03 ; N10 G81 Z-0.5 R0.1 F25. ; T2 M06 ; G43 Z0.1 H2 ; S2000 M03 ; G150 P200 G41 X3.0 Y3.5 Z-0.5 F30. R0.1 Q0.2 I0.3 K0.02 ; G00 Z0.1 M09 ; G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ; M30 ; In this example, we will mill the pocket O0200 ; shown using steps along the X-axis of G01 X2.0 ; Y2.0 ; 0.3(I). We will take a maximum depth X4.0 ; of cut of 0.2(Q). (The first pass will Y4.0 ; only be 0.1). We will leave 0.02(K) for G03 X2.0 Y4.0 R1.0 ; a finishing pass. The geometry is in G01 Y3.5 ; program number O0200(P) M99 ; Notice that there is a drill cycle in line N10 for a clearing hole.
Visit our web site, http://www.haascnc.com/training to view Information Modules on other features of the Haas Control. You can also download training booklets on the Haas Control and CNC Programming.