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e WASTE

A Case study on our future

Things to be enlighten
About e-waste Classification Why is it important? Effects Issues Safety measures Conclusion

e-waste??
Electronic waste, popularly known as e-waste can be defined as electronic equipments or products connected with power plug, batteries which have become obsolete due to: Advancement in technology Changes in fashion, style and status Nearing the end of their useful life

classification
E-waste encompasses ever growing range of obsolete products classified as Electronic devices Telecommunication devices Recording devices Electronic components

Need??
As a future electronic engineers, its our responsibility to concern about e-waste. Industrial Revolution. Advancement in Information Technology. There mismanagement can lead to the pollution. From the data collected, in a single year the production is around 1200 tons of electronic scrap. Production of E-Waste is on mass basis in many developed countries including India. This waste is not Eco-friendly. Hence there is a need to check this electronic waste pollution by proper management.

Need??

Rapid Technology Changes

Increase Consumer Electronic Purchases

More e Waste

More Hazardous Materials Landfilled

Increasing Human Health Risks

e-waste deposition

Composition of e-waste
Heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium) Batteries containing cadmium

Cathode ray tubes with lead oxide & barium


Brominated flame-retardants on printed circuit boards, cables and plastic casing. PVC-coated copper cables and plastic cases Mercury in switches and flat screens

Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in older capacitors & transformers

THRESHOLD LIMIT
HAZARDOUS ELEMENTS
Time Weighted Average concentration (8hrs)

STEL

LEAD CADMIUM MERCURY HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM


POLYVINYL CHLORIDE

0.15 0.05 0.01 0.05

0.03 -

Hazardous elements and Effects


Source of e-waste Constituent Health effects
Damage to nervous and blood systems. kidney damage, Affects brain development.

Solder in printed Lead (Pb) circuit boards, glass panels and gaskets in computer monitors

Chip resistors and semiconductors

Cadmium (Cd)

Relays and switches, printed circuit boards

Mercury (Hg)

Toxic irreversible effects. Accumulates in kidney and liver. Neural damage. Damage to brain. Respiratory and skin disorders. Muscle weakness Damage to heart, liver and skin.

Front panel of CRTs

Barium (Ba)

What happens with our electronic waste??

Issues

Not in my backyard!!!!

Issues
No awareness about recycling methods

Only a very small amount of the e-waste produced worldwide is recycled by official recycling facilities Large amounts disappear: In Europe 75% In the US 80% In non-OECD countries 99%

RESPONSIBILTIES
There are no harmless substances , only there are harmless ways of using substances.

government
should set up regulatory agencies. should provide an adequate system of laws and controls. must encourage research into the development and production of less hazardous equipments.

industries
Generators of wastes should take responsibility to determine the output characteristics of wastes. All involved person should be properly qualified and trained in handling e-waste in industries. Companies should adopt waste minimization techniques.

citizens
Reuse Donating used electronics to schools, nonprofit organizations, and lower-income families. E-wastes should never be disposed with garbage and other household wastes. These wastes should be collected at a separate site and they should be sent for various processes like Reuse, Recycling, and Donating.

Landfilling

Work kills more people than war

Developments
Across Europe and Asia recently enacted laws are starting to hold electronics manufacturers responsible for taking back their products at the end of their useful lives. This policy strategy, known as Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), represents the most significant step yet taken toward the greening of information technology.

Adequate implementation of legislation and ban on Imports. Move solutions to product design toxics and hazard free.

recommended

Design for Longevity, Upgrade, Repair and Re-use


Minimize toxics in production (lead free solders) Tie recycling in with take-back product responsibility. Adequate technologies for recycling

conclusion
E-waste is going to create lot of problems in future. E-Waste management is of utmost importance. Proper management is necessary to minimize ill effects on human beings and nature.

The use of white clothes worn by the workers and work in clean rooms does not rule out exposure to serious health risks.

s o

Recycle

Thank
you

!!

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