Load shedding in Pakistan Reasons & Remedies

February 9, 2009 By Muhammad Ziauddin

Organization
Historical Background Load duration curve Capacity, capability & availability Shortage Reasons Remedies / Suggestions

Historical Background
Pre 1994 era

Sever load shedding

Surplus power in the system

Post 1994 era

2002 Power Policy

Lengthy procedure
Approval of feasibility Tariff negotiation & approval Security packages

High load growth

Current Situation
Supply / Demand Balance Load duration curve

Capacity, Capability and Availability Demand Supply

Power Supply/Demand Balance

70,000 65,000

Demand
60,000 55,000 50,000 45,000
Demand/Supply (MW)

Supply

40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Year

Load Duration Curve

18th August 2007
17,000 16,000 15,000 14,000

Load in MW

13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000

0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700 0800 0900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400

Time in hrs
Com puted System Dem and Actual Load Supplied Actual Availability

Load Duration Curve

21st August 2008
18,000 17,000 16,000 15,000 Load in MW 14,000 13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000
0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700 0800 0900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400

Time in hrs
Com puted System Dem and Actual Load supplied Acutal Availability

Load Duration Curve

10th January 2007
13,000 12,000

11,000

10,000

Load in MW

9,000

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000
0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700 0800 0900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400

Time in hrs
Com puted System Demand Actual Load Supplied Actual Availability

Load Duration Curve

23rd January 2008
13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000

Load in MW

9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 010002000300040005000600070008000900100011001200130014001500160017001800190020002100220023002400

Time in hrs
Com puted System Dem and Actual Load supplied Acutal Availability

Reasons
Late finalization of 2002 power policy Late initiation of new projects Long processing time Not soliciting new power plants Reliance of unsolicited proposal WAPDA was not allowed to install thermal power plants Private sector started taking advantages Availability of machines in the international market

Reasons
(contd)

No serious efforts on effeciency improvement and energy conservation Time of day metering system is not up to its strength Hydropower not comming up Small hydro power plants are not being taken up by WAPDA Closure of some IPP & WAPDAs power plants Not payment of fuel bills to fuel suppliers

Reasons
(contd)

International investors are not comming with enthusiasm

International recession Governace issue

No serious efforts to exploit alternative energy resources Huge reserve of coal is not being used

Issues
Most of the new thermal power plants are based on fuel oil Cost of electricity generations Fuel imports major implecations on forx reseve Volatility of crude oil prices Fuel transporation and import infrastructure

Road / railway network Port facilities

Issues
(contd)

Gas is not available for new power plants Un efficient energy useage No incentive from the government to develop alternative energy resources Rental power plant is sucidal

Remedies / Suggestions
Development of alternative energy The Regulator should be linient in tariff for wind and solar power plants Manufacturing facility for wind and solar power plants be encouraged by the government Coal should be used for power generation including imported Coal Thermal power plants should be installed by WAPDA in parllel to IPPs More emphasis should be on energy conservation and efficiency improvement

Remedies / Suggestions
(contd)

Time of day tariff should be implemented in all catagories of consumers A digonostic study should be conducted for oil transporatation infrastructure and port facilities Captive power plant should brougt on bar Industrial sector should be encouraged to install their own power plants and surplus should be purchased by WAPDA at a competitive price

Thanks