Welcomes

Why Bio Fuel Plantation So Important?

Bio fuel Always Possess Potential Demand Indias Economy fast growing & set to grow 8-10%
Increased Energy Requirement 1.35 BTOE 2031- 32 Increasing Oil Dependency Current Import: 70% By 2025: 90% Indias Biofuel Policy thrusts 20% blending of Biofuel by 2012.

Ready availability of Superior Biofuel Process technology

Bio Diesel (B100) & Ethanol Manufacturing Process

Biofuels accepted as superior, Eco friendly & commercial fuel

Biofuel is a renewable source raw material is mainly plant Origin

Present Limiting Factor Non availability of feed stock

Challenge Lies only Establishment of Commercial Biofuel Plantation & Sustainable Seed Production
- Large acreage - High Volume of seed - Affordable raw material price

Bio Diesel Programme in India

1. Committee on Bio fuels in April,2003 recommended Ethanol from sugarcane (molasses) for blending with petrol (gasoline) Biodiesel (Jatropha curcas) for blending with High Speed Diesel. Non-edible tree borne oil seeds 2. National Biodiesel Mission - Based on Jatropha First Phase (2003-2007) Demonstration phase covering 0.4 mn ha. (Rs.1500 Crore earmarked) Second Phase (2007-12) Expansion Phase: Bio-diesel Production for 20% blend by the year 2011-12. Plantation in 11 mn. ha of wastelands 3.National Biodiesel Purchase Policy in October 2005 Current price Rs26.5/litre 4. Subsidy support brought thro NOVOD 5. Research & Development programme have been defined with SAUs / CRIs.

Bio Diesel Programme - Reasons for Shortfall

Programme not backed by adequate policy and finances Rushed approach in Commercial Plantation Over emphasis in One feed stock High level Media Hype Wrongly perceived ideas and technologies Neglected way of Cultivation & Lack of Standardized Practices Non existence of proper seed source and Planting material Wide variation in yield & Oil content Lack of Public Private Partnership mode of approach Benefit from carbon trade is still unknown

Challenges to the Stake holders

Grower: Yield / Cost Benefit / Assured Buy back / Crop Loan

Industry: Investment in Plantation promotion / Feed stock options & quantum availability / Govt. Policy support

Government: Target land use / Policy & Implementation strategies / Research & Development

Bank: New crop / Commercial viability of the project / Loan recovery

A Glance on feed stock options for Bio Diesel

Vegetable Oil - Non Edible / Used edible vegetable Oil / Down stream products of Edible oil refineries Algae

Non Edible Oil Seeds

Perennial Tree borne Oilseeds Seasonal Oil seeds

1. Pongamia Long Gestation

2. Jatropha Medium Gestation 3. Neem Long Gestation 4. Paradise tree (Simorubha) Edible Long Gestation 5.Jojoba High value Oil / Suitable for Sandy tracts, Desert area..etc

1. Castor
2. Rape seed 3. Non edible Safflower

Neem, Castor Jojoba Oils are being used for other purposes

Promising Feed stock for Bio Diesel

Jatropha Shorter Gestation Pongamia Very Hardy tree & Highly Drought Resistant Castor Suitable for Rain fed & as Inter crop / border crop Paradise tree Very Hardy tree / High Oil content Hybrid safflower(Non edible) Winter season crop

Safflower(Non edible) & Castor Short term Solution Jatropha Medium term Pongamia Long term

Target Yield in Jatropha

TNAU: Estimated seed yield 7.5MT/ha based on field trials Indonesian Institute of Agriculture, Bogor reports seed yield of 4kg/plant/year( 8-10MT/yr) from 5 yrs plantation. CRIDA Hyderabad recorded 1.2 MT/ ha from 2 yr old plantation

IPGRI: In KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, seed yield of 6.250MT/ha at 18months

Planning commission, India (2005) reported seed yield of 5 MT/ha at 3-4 yrs

Major Concern in Jatropha Plantation

Variation in Yield & Oil Content Non existence of proper seed source / High yielding varieties Lack of standardized Agronomic Practices Lack of Market for Bye product

Suitable target land for plantation

Lack of Minimum support price for seed Lack of Government Subsidy / Credit support Contract farming failures High Seed Production cost

Jatropha Programme
Emami commenced Jatropha promotion in Tamil Nadu in the year 2008-09 Project District : 1. Ramanadhapuram 2. Virudhunagar 3. Tuticorin MOU signed with TNAU for Technical guidance & seed Material

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Jatropha Nursery Land Preparation

Nursery Location : Kilkudi Village Virudhunagar Nursery Area : 10.00 acres

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Nursery at Kilkudi Village , Virudhunagar Dist

Nursery Seed Bed

Poly Bag Preparation

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Nursery at Kilkudi Village , Virudhunagar Dist

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Jatropha Plantation Activities Land Preparation

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Jatropha Plantation Activities Field Preparation

Disc Ploughing - Once Cultivator Ploughing - Twice

Planting Furrow Line Making

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Jatropha Plantation Activities Planting

Jatropha Row : 4 meter

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Between Plants : 1.5 meter

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Jatropha Plantation Maintenance

Weed Plots

Weeding By tractor

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Basin Making

First Pruning

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Intercropping in Jatropha with Seasonal crops Green Gram

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Intercropping in Jatropha with Seasonal crops Green Gram at Harvest stage

Intercropping in Jatropha with Seasonal crops Onion

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Intercropping Jatropha with Perennial tree - Amla

Intercropping Jatropha with Perennial tree Neem

Intercropping Jatropha with Perennial tree Simrouba

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Intercropping Jatropha with Perennial tree - Pongamia

Jatropha Plantation at Pammanendal Village 300 acres

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Jatropha Plantation 22 months after Second Pruning

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Basin Making with Machine

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Weeding between plants by Power Weeder

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Model Farm 52 acres At Kilkudi Village

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Model Farm - List of Trial Activities

Sl.No Trial 1 Intercropping with Jatropha Black Gram Castor Chillies Maize Sunflower Amla Pruning Twice/year Pruning Thrice/year Single Pruning No Pruning 2x2M 2.5x2.5M 3x2M 3x3M 4x2M 4x1.5M Chennal Irrigation Drip Irrigatiom rainfed Direct seed Sowing Poly bag seedlings Bare Root Stem Planting No Fertilizer General recomondation Compelete Organic Soil Test Based Ailanthus Eucalyptus Neem Pongam Simarouba 06.11.08 03.11.08 14.11.08 13.11.08 14.11.08 12.11.08 06.11.08 05.11.08 08.11.08 04.11.08 12.12.08 05.12.08 23.11.08 15.11.08 15.11.08 07.11.08 11.11.08 14.12.08 15.12.08 12.12.08 14.12.08 15.12.08 04.02.09 24.12.08 24.12.08 13.12.08 14.12.08 13.02.09 13.02.09 02.01.09 03.01.09 03.01.09 22.01.09 36 35 40 39 38 37 28 29 34 30 22 23 24 25 26 27 33 32 31 11 12 10 9 8 7 13 14 20 21 44 43 42 41 Total 4000 4410 4731 3815 3722.5 4267.6 3915.7 3887.7 4731 3887.7 3897.7 3943.8 4010 4028.9 3999.9 3962.5 4411 4090 4000 3887.7 3887.7 3887.7 3887.7 3887.7 3887.7 3887.7 3887.7 4365.9 4521.9 3861 4021 4120 3200 132903 744 862 795 657 639 430 705 700 795 830 936 630 648 468 523 710 765 749 655 690 690 670 670 690 680 690 690 planted Planted 400 450 450 530 20541 Details Date of Planting Plot no. Area sq mt Jatropha Population

2 Pruning Trial

3 Spacing Trial

4 Irrigation Trial

5 Planting Material

6 Fertilizer

7 Timber 8 TBO

9 Furrow & Crow bar Planting

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Corn Crop at Our Farm

Black gram Pure Crop at our farm

Target Location & Land for Jatropha Plantation

Jatropha widely adaptable crop grows well in Drier region of the tropics Requires Average annual rainfall between 300 mm 1000 mm also grows well in high rainfall areas Being a species of arid & Semi arid tropics survives in areas receiving low rainfall

Sensitive to Frost
Avoid low lying water stagnating areas As Rain fed Crop Black soil with medium Clayey Suitable Avoid sandy / Red laterite soils As Irrigated Crop Can be grown any Soil Avoid Heavy Clayey soils

Various Models of Jatropha Plantation

As Pure Crop Block Plantation Cultivable wastelands Public Private Partnership Mode Jatropha as Inter crop with Other perennial tree crops As Hedge Plantation in regular Agricultural lands As Bund Crop Panchayat Institution As cover crop in Peripheral Forest area JFM Mode

Jatropha Plantation Suggested Spacing

Jatropha Plant requires Good Sunlight

Spacing between rows and Plants should be well wider

Between Rows : 3 4 Meter Between Plants : 1.5 2 Meter

Advantages :
Possibility of Growing Inter crop during the gestation period (2 3 yrs) Machinery for weeding, Pruning, Basin making, Fertilizer application , Plant protection ,Harvest and transport of produce can be used. Planting rows should be East west direction

Planting Techniques
Use Elite Seedlings raised from proper seed source Seedling Age Should be Minimum 60 90 days old.

Seedling Stem portion should be thicker & 2/3rd of the stem should be Ash colour
Seedling Should Have proper tap root and flexi portion of the tap root should be trimmed before Planting Seedling Should be dipped in Bio fertilizer & Bio control agents slurry at the time of planting Planting pit should be 1 cubic foot

Pit can be taken up with Hand Pit digger / Tractor mounted Post hole digger
Planting should be taken up beginning of the Monsoon Season.

Hand operated Machine Pit Digger

Pruning of Jatropha
Terminal Growing twigs is to be pinched to induce Secondary branches months after planting Another two pruning at an interval of 6 months to induce tertiary branches Pruning should be given first two years Each plant should have minimum 25 branches at the end of 2nd Year

Pruning should be done before on set monsoon.

Pruning machine can be used for smooth cutting without any split. Plant should be Pruned at height of 45-60 cm from the ground level. Advantages : More the branches more terminal shoots bearing flowers

Jatropha Pruning with Machine

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Jatropha Plantation Maintenance

Fertilizer Application Regular application of fertilizer 20 N : 120 P : 60 K is must from second year onwards Besides fertilzer Micro nutrient like Boron , Magnesium and sulphur should be given for proper seed filling and to increase Oil content.

Plant Protection
Jatropha Plants are Subjected Pest & Diseases Pest Noticed: Leaf Miner / Webber / Disease : Wilt Periodical application of pesticide or Neem oil application would control Pests Two sprays in a year

Contract Farming- A model

Grower
Sale of Produce Loan repayment and receipt of seed value

Inputs & Guidance

Loan

Emami
Deposit of seed value

Bank

Recovery of input cost

Recommendation for Successful Jatropha Plantation Programme

Breeding programme to produce high yielding varieties with high oil content, Development of Non toxic variety, Shorter Gestation variety especially for Pongamia..et Development of package of practices like optimum spacing under various agro- climatic conditions, quantum of inputs needed like irrigation, fertilizers, pruning protocol

Government Subsidy for waste land reclamation, Plantation and its maintenance as done in Oil Palm.
Strong research programme for various feed stock options, value addition of Jatropha Bye products, Detoxification of oil cake..etc Credit support thro Banks at Nominal interest Liberal Policy of Allocation Public waste land to private entrepreneur for Plantation purposes.

Emami Bio Diesel Plant at Haldia, Kolkata

Thank you