POWER FACTOR CORRECTION &

PFC CONVERTERS

Presented by
Sandeep Guha Niyogi
M.Tech-Electrical
Roll No.852010
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
A non-corrected power supply with a
• power factor typical PF equal to 0.65 will draw
approximately 1.5 times greater input
current than a PFC supply (PF = 0.99)
average power Vs I s1 cos θ I s1 for the same output loading
power factor = = = cos θ
apparent power Vs I s Is
• PFC Techniques

Reflects how effectively the

given source power
is utilized by the load. The
ratio is the distortion
factor; its value reflects
the effect due to input
current harmonics.
Passive Power Factor Correction

INDUCTIVE FILTER
• inserted between the output
of the rectifier and the
capacitor.

• The inclusion of the inductor

results in larger conduction
angle of the current pulse and
reduced peak and rms values.
For low values of inductance
the input current is
discontinuous and pulsating.

• Better power factor (PF) is

achievable by using a larger
value of the inductance and
pushing the operation to
continuous conduction mode
(CCM).
Passive Power Factor Correction
RESONANT INPUT
FILTER
• The band pass filter is
designed with a centre
frequency equal to the
supply frequency.

• The quality factor "Q"

determines the bandwidth
and hence the harmonic
content of the supply
current. High "Q" (narrow
bandwidth) will result in
reduced harmonic content
and close to unity power
factor.

• The high value parallel

resistor is added to damp
out circuit oscillations.
 Active Power Factor Correction
• Lower harmonic content in
the input current
compared to the passive
techniques.

• Reduced rms current

rating of the output filter
capacitor.

• Near unity power factor

(0.99) is possible to
achieve with the Total
Harmonic Distortion (THD)
as low as 3-5%.

• For higher power levels

active PFC techniques will
result in size, weight and
cost benefits over passive
PFC techniques.
Conventional ACTIVE PFC topologies
The boost power factor correction
converter
The proposed converter
switches
operates at Soft switching
condition
by partial resonant condition
by
control of constant duty
cycle. The
turn on of the switches is
done
under zero current switching
(ZCS)
and turn off of the switches is
worked under zero voltage
switching
(ZVS) by partial resonant
method.
Therefore the proposed
converter is
PFC Boost Converter
 Mode1 operation

The mode operates in the period t 0 ≤ t ≤ t1

Vcr = (Vr + Vdc ) cos ωr t − Vr
(V r+Vdc )
i Lr =− sin ωr t
X
where, ωr = Lr C r
when, Vcr = 0 the inductor current is given as
1
I1 = (Vdc 2 + 2VrVdc )
X
 Mode2 operation

This mode operates in the period t 1 ≤ t ≤ t 2

Vr
i Lr = t + I1
Lr
This mode ends when both the switches turn off
& the inductor current equation is given as
V
I 2 = I1 + r {TON − Lr C r cos −1 (v )}
Lr
 Mode3 operation

This mode operates in the period t 2 ≤ t ≤ t 3

The current flows through the path L r − d1 − C r − d 2
thus charging the capacitor
The turning - off of the switches occur at ZCS condition
The inductor value is assumed to be constant value I 2 ,
because of short period of this mode.
 Mode4 operation

This mode operates in the period t 3 ≤ t ≤ t 4

Starts when diode d3 starts conducting
The inductor current decreases linearly and is given by the equation :
Vr − Vdc
i Lr = t + I2
Lr
This mode ends when the inductor current reaches ZERO value
Simulation Results
Input to this simulation is given
below
• Input ac voltage =100
volt(rms)
• Output dc voltage =300 volt
• Switching frequency =50
kHz
Soft switching of switches • Duty cycle=30%
S1 &S2
 Simulation Results
Input waveform of Discontinuous
current mode

Input voltage & output voltage

waveform
COMPARISON OF PASSIVE & ACTIVE
PFC VERSUS NO PFC
 APPLICATIONS
 DC Power Supplies,
 Telecommunication Power Supply,
 Improved Power Factor ballast,
 Power Supplies for equipments like computers, medical
equipments, printers, scanners etc.
 Drives Applications with Power Factor Improvement at AC
side,
 Electrical Welding,
 Lighting such as ballasts, CFL etc.
 CONCLUSION
• The input current waveform got to be sinusoidal
in proportion to supply voltage waveform with
constant duty cycle i.e. 30% operation.

• The DCM method reduces the complicacy of

designing control circuit. The power factor & rms
current is high.

• The circuit switches operate under partial

resonant soft switching method , thus it increases
the efficiency of the circuit.