Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Agenda
Market demand for inter-standard roaming Requirements and solution highlights Discussion for option 1 and option 2 Summary
Technology harmonization
Dual-mode chipset becoming available Standard body co-operation
OMA, 3GPP, 3GPP2, GSMA, CDG, IETF, TIA
Dual-technology operators
Both CDMA and GPRS/UMTS
26 June 2003 CDG Meeting, Orlando 4 Copyright 2003 Aicent, Inc.
Network
IIF (Interworking and Interoperability Function)
GSM/ANSI-41
Billing
CDR Mediation Billing record conversion (TAP3/CIBER), Data Clearing and
Financial Settlement, Fraud Management
Roaming Agreement
5 Copyright 2003 Aicent, Inc.
Option 1:
CDMA roaming in GPRS using GGSN in CDMA
GPRS (SGSN) CDMA (GGSN)
Option 2:
CDMA and GPRS two-way roaming using Mobile IP
GPRS (GGSN/FA) CDMA (HA) CDMA (PDSN/FA) GPRS (HA)
C7/SS7 IIF
CDMA 1X Network
HLR DNS GGSN BS
DNS
GRX/CRX
CDMA terminal Registration via signaling network SGSN attach in GPRS network PDP activation at GGSN in CDMA with APN Inter-OP IP backbone and locating GGSN Data clearing and settlement
8 Copyright 2003 Aicent, Inc.
SMS -SC
SMS -GMSC
AC
HLR
IIF
D D
VLR
AuC
MSC
Gr
Interworking and Interoperability Function IIF: (J-STD-038) - Subscriber location registration - MAP Interface between (Originating/Gateway MSC Serving MSC interface) - Interface for MC/SMS-SC and serving MSC - Resides in GSM, ANSI-41, or both, or at a 3rd party
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a Authentication Info Authentication Info Ack b c d e Update GPRS Location Req (IMSI, SGSN Address) REGNOT Regnot ack Insert Sub Data Insert Sub Data Ack f g h i j Update GPRS Location Ack k l ANSI-41 NETWORK
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Um
SGSN
Gn
CGF
GGSN Gf EIR
Other PLMN
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GRX
Operator C
DNS DNS
GRX
DNS
Operator G
GRX
Operator E
Operator F
Key components
APN DNS for GGSN location
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GRX/CRX
Root DNS
PE
HLR
CGF
SGSN
BSC BTS CDMA 1X Roamer
DNS Gn Subnet BG PDP DNS BG Gn Subnet
WAP GW
GGSN
DNS
AAA
Assuming CDMA 1X roamer has been attached to local SGSN When the roamer requests PDP Context Activation, local SGSN executes the activation procedure based on roamers APN and the policies set in Home HLR, where HPLMN ONLY should be set in this case Local SGSN composes the DNS query strings in the format of apn.mncxxx.mccxxx.gprs to query local DNS Local DNS locates the domain via GRX Root DNS, and continue to query the CDMA operators Home DNS according to the information acquired from GRX Root DNS, and resolve the IP address of CDMA Operators GGSN that serves the APN. With the IP address of CDMA Operators GGSN, local SGSN set up an GTP-U tunnel to the remote GGSN Further, CDMA Operators GGSN assigns an IP address to the roaming terminal. Non-transparent: Require 2nd level authentication for user@corp.com/password with AAA Transparent: Do not require the 2nd level authentication The roamer accesses to CDMA operators home WAP Gateway or other services
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GRX/CRX
SGSN
corp.com
Corp Server
john@corp.com/password
GPRS Operator
CDMA 1X Operator
Wireless device registration and SGSN attachment PDP activation to find GGSN via APN and DNS Non-Transparent Authentication for the roamer with CDMA AAA relay to corp AAA Once the user authenticated ,
Build the GTP tunnel between SGSN and GGSN over GRX Launch L2TP (or IPSec) tunnel to Corporate tunnel server
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GF
EIR HLR
CDMA 1X Operator
GC GI
GGSN Local packet Data Network
GR
SGSN GRX/CRX BG
Gp
Gn Subnet
GA
DNS CGF Existing Element New Element
According to 3GPPs logic architecture, CDMA 1X operator may introduce a few new network elements GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) Gi, Ga, and Gc Interfaces (3GPP Release 6) CGF (Charging Gateway Function) Ga Interface (3GPP R99 and Rel 5) BG (Border Gateway) Gp Interface (BGP-4 Routing Protocol) DNS (Domain Name System) Supporting DNS query to locate GGSN IP address within the GPRS closed IP network domain 16
AAA
RADIUS-CDR
BS TAP3
Data Clearing & Settlement
BS CIBER/TAP3
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Little effort required for GPRS operators Readiness of the technology and the service Immediate outbound roaming coverage in GSM countries Other equipment and commercial issues
Handsets, IIF Gateway, Roaming Agreement, Clearing and
Settlement
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This model can be applied to two-way roaming GGSN(FA) CDMA (HA) PDSN(FA) GPRS/UMTS (HA)
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PDP context activation with MIP registration (PPP setup and GPRS/UMTS attach procedures not included)
IPv4 - Registration UMTS/GPRS + MIP , FA care-of address
TE
1. AT Command (APN)
MT
2. Activate PDP Context Request ( APN=MIPv4FA ) A. Select suitable GGSN
SGSN
GGSN/FA
Home Network
3. Create PDP Context Request ( APN=MIPv4FA ) 4. Create PDP Context Response (no PDP address)
GRX CRX
8. MIP Registration Request 9. MIP Registration Reply
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Similar to MIP CDMA-CDMA Roaming Need to implement MIP function on the handset IIF function Authentication based on MSISDN or
user@corp.com/password
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Summary
Little effort required for GPRS operators Readiness of the technology and the service Immediate outbound roaming coverage in GSM countries
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Thank You
david.zhang@aicent.com
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