Oracle Database Administration: Overview

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Describe the structure of a relational database and the use of SQL Identify the components of an Oracle instance and database Describe the basic tasks that an Oracle DBA performs Define the tools used to administer an Oracle database Use Oracle MetaLink to research issues and log service requests
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Relational Database: Introduction

A relational database is a collection of relations or two-dimensional tables.

Oracle Database server

Table name: EMPLOYEES

Table name: DEPARTMENTS

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Relational Database Terminology

2. Primary key 3. Column 4. Foreign key

5. Field

6. Null value

1. Row

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Relating Multiple Tables

Each row of data in a table is uniquely identified by a primary key. You can logically relate data from multiple tables by using foreign keys.
Table name: DEPARTMENTS

Table name: EMPLOYEES

Primary key
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Foreign key Primary key

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

What Is SQL?

Structured query language (SQL): Statements used to access data in the Oracle database SQL provides statements for a variety of tasks, including:
Querying data Inserting, updating, and deleting rows in a table Creating, replacing, altering, and dropping objects Controlling access to the database and its objects Guaranteeing database consistency and integrity

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SQL Statements
SELECT INSERT UPDATE DELETE MERGE CREATE ALTER DROP RENAME TRUNCATE COMMIT ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT Data retrieval

Data manipulation language (DML)

Data definition language (DDL)

Transaction control

GRANT REVOKE

Data control language (DCL)

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Oracle Instance and Database: Overview

SGA Shared pool Database buffer cache Large pool

Java pool

Redo log buffer

System Monitor SMON

Process Monitor PMON

Database Writer DBW0

Log Writer LGWR

Check point CKPT

Archiver ARC0

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Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Using SQL to Access the Database

SQL statement is entered.

SELECT department_name FROM departments;

Statement is sent to Oracle database server.

Oracle database

Data is retrieved and returned to user.

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Common Tasks of an Oracle Database Administrator

Installing and updating Oracle software Creating databases Performing upgrades of the database and software Starting up and shutting down the instance Managing the databases storage structures Managing users and security Managing schema objects Taking backups and effecting recovery when necessary Proactively monitoring the database and taking preventive or corrective action as required Monitoring and tuning performance
Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

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Tools Used to Administer an Oracle Database

Oracle Universal Installer Database Configuration Assistant Database Upgrade Assistant Oracle Net Manager Oracle Enterprise Manager SQL*Plus and iSQL*Plus Recovery Manager Data Pump SQL*Loader

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Working with Oracle Support

Oracle Support Services (OSS) provides solution support continuously seven days a week (24 hours per day). Support is delivered in the following ways:
MetaLink Web site Telephone Oracle Direct Connect (ODC) remote diagnostic tool

The Customer Support Identifier (CSI) number is used to track the software and support licensed by each customer.

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Using MetaLink

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Researching an Issue

Perform the following steps to research an issue by using MetaLink: 1. Perform a keyword search. 2. Review the documentation. 3. Use the self-service toolkits. 4. Use the automated diagnostic tests and business flows. 5. Search for applicable patches. 6. Log a service request.

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Logging Service Requests

Log a service request (SR) by clicking the TARs link located on the left side of the MetaLink home page. MetaLink performs searches based on a CSI number and SR profile. Provide the following information when logging an SR:
Explanation of the issue (including error messages) Steps taken to troubleshoot the issue Software version Steps required to reproduce the problem Business impact of the issue
Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

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Summary

In this lesson, you should have learned how to: Describe the structure of a relational database and use of SQL Identify the components of an Oracle instance and database Describe the basic tasks that an Oracle DBA performs Define the tools used to administer an Oracle database Use MetaLink to research issues and log service requests

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Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.