CONSTRUCTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF PLUMBING SYSTEM (Drain, Waste and Vent )

By : ALBERTO T. CABAEL, fnampap

Plumbing Terminologies and its Function that we must understand: 1. BUILDING DRAIN Part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system which receives the discharge from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it to the building sewer beginning 0.6 meter outside the building wall. 2. BUILDING SEWER Part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system which starts from the end of the building drain and which receives the discharge of the building drain and conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage disposal system, or other point of disposal.

3. SOIL PIPE Any pipe, which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal or fixture having similar functions, with or without the discharge from other fixtures to the building drain or building sewer.
4. SEWER PIPE Any pipe, or conduit which conveys the discharge of solid waste and liquid waste to the building drain or building sewer.

5. WASTE PIPE A pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal matter.

6. STACK The vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent piping extending through one or more stories and extended thru the roof.
7. VENT STACK the vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the drainage system. 8. VENT PIPE a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system.

9. VENT SYSTEM pipes installed to provide flow of air to or from a drainage system or to provide a circulation of air within such system to protect the traps seals from siphonage and back pressure.
10. YOKE VENT a pipe connection upward from a soil or stack below the floor and below horizontal connection to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than highest spill of level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stacks.

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CIRCUIT VENT a group of vent pipe which starts infront of the extreme fixture connection on a horizontal branch and connects to the vent stack. WET VENT a portion of vent pipe through where wastewater also flows through. BRANCH VENT a horizontal vent connection one or more individual vertical back vents with the vent stack or stack vent.

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14. BACK VENT part of a vent line, which connects directly with an individual trap underneath or behind the fixture traps in serves. This is sometimes called an individual vent.

15. STACK VENT the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack. The upper most end above the roof is called stack vent thru roof (SVTR). 16. SECTION 907.1 of the RNPCP states that, each soil or waste stack which extends ten (10) or more storey above the building drain shall be served by a parallel vent stack which shall extend undiminished in size from its upper terminal at the roof and connect to the soil or waste stack at the ground level and at every 5th floor levels with a yoke vent at a point below the horizontal soil or waste branch connection to the stack and at the nearby vent stack and same floor to provide a relief vent.

The size of a yoke vent shall not be less in diameter than either the soil stack or the vent stack, whichever is smaller.
17. SECTION 907.2 The yoke vent connection with vent stack shall be placed not less than 1.0 meter above the floor level, and the yoke vent connection with the drainage stack shall be by means of a wye branch service connection only. 18. LATERAL in plumbing, a secondary pipeline. In sewerage, a common sewer to which no other branch sewer is connected. It receives sewage from building sewer service connection only.

19. PRIMARY BRANCH of the building drain is the single sloping drain from the base of the stack to its junction with the main building drain.

20. BRANCH any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack.
21. BRANCH INTERVAL a length of soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a storey height, but in no case less than 2.43 meters within which the horizontal branches from one (1) floor or a storey building are connected to the stack.

22. TRAP a fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.
23. TRAP ARM that portion of a fixture drain between a trap and the vent. 24. TRAP SEAL the maximum vertical depth of liquid that a trap will retain, measured between the crown weir and the top of the dip of the trap.

THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS!