The Book of Isaiah

A mini-Bible

By David Yun Sep 6, 2002

Contents
The prophetic books Author Historical setting Outline Features The Messiah in Isaiah Themes Lessons

The Prophetic Books

Great Expectation to Christ
Prophets Hosea, Joel, Amos Isaiah, Micah Obadiah, Jonah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah Lamentations Jeremiah Ezekiel Daniel Haggai, Zechariah Malachi Message A national restoration by the Messiah Predict international salvation through the Messiah Warn of Gods retribution on the nations Grieves over Gods retribution on His people Looks of a covenantal reaffirmation in Christ Expects the nations religious restoration Predicts the nations political restoration Exhort the people in their religious reconstruction Exhort the people in their social and moral reconstruction

Author
Isaiah 740-700 B.C. An evangelical prophet Probably born to an aristocratic family Had a prophetess wife & two sons Ministered in Jerusalem during the reign of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah Sawed in half according to tradition A contemporary with Micah, Amos, Hosea

Historical Setting
Israel was falling down (722 B.C.) Judah was in a downward spiral both politically and spiritually Uzziah (790-739) good but proud Jotham (750-731) good but weak Ahaz (735-715) - bad Hezikiah (715-686) - good The war between Assyria and the allies Assyrias increasing threat to Judah

Ammon Moab

Edom

Cush

Outline (A)
A. Words of Judgment (1-39)
- The sins of Israel and Judah (1-9) - Immanuel (7-12) - Judgment on the nations (13-23) - Judgment on Judah and deliverance (2427) - Woes upon Israel and promise (28-35) - Invasion of Assyria & Hezekiah (36-39) Scathing denunciations and appeal to repent and trust in God

Outline (B)
B. Words of Comfort (40-66)
- Israels deliverance from captivity (40-48) - The servant of the Lord (49-57) - Restoration of Israel and the final kingdom (58-66) Forgiveness, comfort, and hope Looks forward to the coming of the Messiah

Purpose: To call Judah back to God and to tell of Gods salvation through the Messiah

Features
Isaiahs apocalypse Quoted at least 50 times in the NT Predictions of future events
Israels captivity (39:7) Cyrus rise to power in 586 (45:1)

The end of death (25:8) & the resurrection of the dead (26:19) A great number of prophecies of the Messiah Called a miniature Bible (66 chs = 39 + 27)
Deliverance from sin (1) Through Christ (53) Restoration of the whole world (65,66)

The Messiah in Isaiah

Isaiahs portrays of Christ
The branch of Jesses, Redeemer, Savior, Sin bearer, Liberator, Judge, etc

Names of Christ
Emmanuel, Might God, Counselor, Prince of Peace, King, Divine Servant, Arm of the Lord, Preacher, The servant of the Lord, The suffering and glory of the Servant

Details of Christ: his divine nature, birth, humanity, ministry, and redemptive work, and suffering and glory

Prophecies of Christ
Prophecy Fulfillment Immanuels birth to a virgin 7:14 Matt 1:22,23 The rejection of the Christ as a stone of 1 Peter 2:8; 3:14 stumbling and rock of offense 8:14 The benevolence and universality of the Romans 15:12 Messiahs reign 11:1-11 The corner-stone to be laid in Zion 28:16 Romans 9:33; 1 Peter 2:6 A preview of John the Baptist and his Matthew 3:3 preparatory work for Christ 40:3-5 The Lords compassionate and just mission Matthew 12:18-21 42:1-2 A servant of suffering 53 John 12:38; Acts 8:32-35; Mt 27:12-14; 8:17; John 1:12 Christs mission to preach the gospel and Luke 4:18 give sight to the blind 61:1,2 He will be of the family of David (Jesse) Matthew 1; Luke 3 11:1 The Spirit of the Lord will rest upon Him Matthew 3:16 11:2 He will bring light to those living in Galilee Matthew 12:14-16 9:1-2

Prophecies of the kingdom of God

The mountain of the Lords house (2:12) A kingdom of peace (2:4; 9:6,7) Includes the gentiles (11:10; 42:6; 66:20,21) It shall be forever (9:7) It shall usher in a new heaven and new earth (65:17-25; 66:22-23)

Themes
Salvation
Isaiah means Salvation is of Yahweh The term salvation occurs 27 times Salvation is bestowed only by grace and by the power of God, the Redeemer Salvation through the Messiah Political salvation Personal & international salvation Salvation of the whole world

The kingdom of God coming & For the glory of God The same theme as that of the whole Bible

The God in Isaiah

Holy One of Israel (28 times) The God of Hope - remnants Redeemer (13 times) God of all nations God of unfailing love

Lessons
Sin and wickedness always brings Gods disfavor God is holy and loving God wants his people to put their trust in Him, not in anyone or in anything else Gods zeal and aspiration for salvation Isaiahs entire family dedicated to the service of the Lord

Q&A