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INTRODUCTION
Corrosion is the destruction of materials by chemical interaction with their environment. The term corrosion is sometimes also applied to the degradation of plastics, concrete and wood, but generally refers to metals. The most widely used metal is iron (usually as steel)
mechanical strength and structural failure or breakdown. 2. Hazards or injuries to people arising from structural failure or breakdown (e.g. bridges, cars, aircraft). 3. Loss of time in availability of profile-making industrial equipment. 4. Reduced value of goods due to deterioration of appearance. 5. Contamination of fluids in vessels and pipes
their contents and possible harm to the surroundings. 7. Loss of technically important surface properties of a metallic component. These could include frictional and bearing properties, ease of fluid flow over a pipe surface. 8. Mechanical damage to valves, pumps, etc, or blockage of pipes by solid corrosion products. 9. Added complexity and expense of equipment which needs to be designed to withstand a certain amount of corrosion, and to allow corroded components to be conveniently replaced
CHEMICAL CORROSION
OXIDATION AND REDUCTION
Eg:fe+h2o=(ferrous oxide)rust
ELECTRO-CHEMICAL CORROSION
ANODE GET CORRIED
Uniform Corrosion Galvanic Corrosion Crevice corrosion Pitting corrosion Intergranular corrosion
adaptation creating a polyelectrode at the surface of the pipe. The electrochemical reaction whereby any one particular site on the metal surface can become anodic one instant and cathodic the next. The anodic sites shift or creep about the surface, the rate of loss of metal is relatively uniform over the metal surface.
latter is due to a potential difference between two different metals connected through a circuit for current flow to occur from more active metal (more negative potential) to the more noble metal (more positive potential).
Electrochemical reaction.mp4.wmv
Crevice corrosion is an electrochemical oxidation-reduction process. Crevice corrosion is considered much more dangerous than uniform
corrosion since its rate is 10-100 times higher. Crevice corrosion is highly accelerated if chloride, sulphate or bromide ions are present in the electrolyte solution.
Pitting
corrosion is an electrochemical oxidationreduction process,which occurs within localized holes (cells) on the surface of metals coated with a passive film. Pitting corrosion is considered much more dangerous than uniform corrosion since its rate is 10-100 times higher. Pitting corrosion is highly accelerated if chloride, sulphate or bromide ions are present in the electrolyte solution.
Intergranular corrosion is an electrochemical oxidationreduction process, which is localized in the zones adjacent to the grain boundaries.
presence of electrolyte as a result of an electrochemical oxidationreduction process. Selective corrosion may occur in a single-phase and in multi-phase alloys. Alloys prone to selective corrosion are composed of components with a great difference between their Electrode potentials (eg.CuZn). Selective corrosion either uniform or plug type (localized).
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the metal from an external source. The external source of such electrons may be either DC power supply (impressed current cathodic protection) or sacrificial anode. Impressed current cathodic protection is widely used for protection of large underground equipment
This systems are fitted for protection of the immersed portion of extent hull only.
Voltage of difference is maintained between hull and fitted anodes which will protect the hull against corrosion
The system consist of a source of direct current, anode & apparatus for measuring and controlling current
The amount of immersed current will vary with the area to be protected, ship speed. Salinity and condition of the paint work
References
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/corrosion.
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