Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A Survey collects information Is a Census from all the population Is a Poll if for political information Is a Sample Survey if from just a sample of a population
Before a Survey
Define the Questions to be answer. Define the Sampling strategy. Design and Test the Questionnaire. Train the field workers. Define the technique for crossvalidation. Define the final Analysis.
The Question
The first task is to clearly and concisely define the Main Question of interest as well as the Target Population of the study.
Sampling Unit
The individual A family A group, i.e. a class.
Sampling Frame
Existing listing New listing
Define the Precision or Tolerated error of the estimates : 1% , 5%. Are there any Nuisance factor to be accounted for, which ones are important?
Stratification
Sample size proportional to strata size Equal sample sizes from all strata Sample size inversely proportional to strata variability.
Sampling Units
Questionnaire
Short and Concise Open Questions Multiple choice Yes/No
Internal Validity
How to check if the subject answers truthfully?
- Ask the same question twice? Marital status Spouse age - Check frequency versus known data
External validity
Are the appropriate questions asked? Are the questions understandable by all the subjects in the sample.
Study of Trends
Cohort Panel same same same new same
new
Statistical Analysis
Main Analysis Description of the sample Predefined Main Statistical analysis Statistical significance of results Exploratory Analysis Describe test / procedure used Report results
The Report
List of Objectives. Objectives achieved. Sample size estimated. Response rate in the sample. Main Statistical Analysis. Results with significance or Confidence Interval of estimators. Statistical Power of the tests performed. Results of the Exploratory Data Analysis
Conclusions
What was achieved. Did the main Analysis agree with predictions and if not why? Interpretation of the results of the main Analysis. Were any new hypothesis generated by the EDA. Interpretation of the findings by the EDA. Ideas for new research.