5.

0 WATER AND SOLUTION

5.6 WATER PURIFICATION

5.6

WATER PURIFICATION
Natural Sources of Water

Rain, spring, underground water, rivers, ponds, lakes, ice, snow, seas and oceans.
Reasons for Water Purification to remove floating debris such as leaves, twigs and water weeds. to remove suspended particles such as dust and soil particles. to remove dissolved substances to kill microorganisms present in the water. to remove unpleasant taste, smell and colour.

Method of Purification Filtration Boiling Chlorination Distillation

Ultraviolet light treatment

Ozonation (Ozone treatment)

METHODS OF WATER PURIFICATION

Filtration
1. Separates solid (suspended) particles such as clay, sand and plant from the water. 2. Does not remove dissolved substances (salt and chemical) or microorganism from water 3. Made up of several layers of sand and stones laid at the bottom of the well to filter the underground water. Nowadays, modern home install water filter to filter incoming piped water.

METHODS OF WATER PURIFICATION

BOILING

CHLORINATION

Boiling kills most of the microorganisms.

Chlorine is added to the water to kill the microorganisms.

Both methods does not remove any dissolved materials and suspended particles from water.

METHODS OF WATER PURIFICATION

Distillation

Used to obtain pure water which is free from any impurities; not
contain any dissolves salt or chemical, solid particles and microorganisms.

Involves two processes boiling and condensation

The water is boiled and steam produced is collected and cooled so that it condenses back into pure water. Distilled water is widely use as battery water and to prepare medicines, chemical solution ,cosmetic and in dialysis machines.

5.0 WATER AND SOLUTION

5.7 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

PROCESS OF WATER TREATMENT

1
2 4

PROCESS OF WATER TREATMENT

WAY TO SAVE WATER

5.0 WATER AND SOLUTION

5.8 PRESERVATION OF WATER QUALITY

PRESERVATION OF WATER QUALITY

Water pollutants Pollution of water is the contamination of water by humans and animals. Types of water pollution include
Disposal of rubbish and waste products into river. Disposal of industrial toxic waste like chemicals, radioactive and toxic materials into soils and drains. Disposal of chemical such as pesticides, insecticides, chemical fertilizers and agricultural waste into soil and drains. Sedimentary mud cause by the construction site and logging activities. Oil spills from tankers into sea.

Effect of Water Pollution on Living Things

1. Affect Humans health:
Spread diseases such as cholera and typhoid, skin diseases, deformities in fetus and cancer

2. 3.

Death of marine or aquatic life Negative effect on economy

Loss of marine life reduces the food materials and loss of income to fishermen. Sedimentary mud cause floods and damages crops. Polluted water increase the cost of cleaning up the environment. The spread of diseases increases the medical cost.

WAYS TO CONTROL WATER POLLUTION AND PRESERVE WATER QUALITY

Conservation of water means to maintain and protect water resources, preventing waste , loss and damage. Preservation of water means to maintain the water sources in their original clean unpolluted condition. Steps should be taken:
a) b) c) d) e) f) Educate the public Ban logging and development in water catchment areas Encourage people to save water Encourage recycling water Control and monitor the use of pesticides Enforce laws