The contents:

•Meaning
•Interpretation of the
graph.
•Explanations.
The Hj ul sto rm cur ve is a
graph use d b y h ydrolo gists
to de te rmin e whe th er a
rive r wi ll e rode , tr anspor t,
or de posi t se di men t. The
graph wi ll tak e sedi me nt
siz e an d chann el v eloc ity
into acc oun t.
 The in ter pretati on of the
hj ul str om’ s c ur ve /graph
 The x-axis shows the size of the
particles in millimeter (mm).
 The y-axis shows the velocity of the
river in cm/s.
 Hjulstrom’s graph shows
relationships between stream velocity
and ability to transport materials of
varying sizes.
 There are two curves lines drawn in a
Hjulstorm curve: critical erosion
velocity and settling or fall velocity.
THERE A RE THREE IMPORT ANT FEA TURES
OF HJU LST ROM’ S C URV E.

The smallest and largest

particles requires high
velocities to lift them.
High velocities are required to
entrainment than for
transport.
When velocity falls below at
certain level, deposition of
particles occurs.
 Mean or critical erosion
velocity:
it is approximate velocity
needed to pick up and
transport, in suspension,
particles of various sizes.
(minimum velocity for load
to be moved).
 Mean fall or settling velocity:
it is Velocity at which particles of a
given size become too heavy to be
transported and so will fall out of
suspension and be deposited.
(minimum velocity, needed to
continue transporting load).
 FROM TH E GRAPH :
Sma ller
parti cles of
sand r eq ui re
rel ati vel y
low
ve lo ci ti es to
sand pi ck them
 La rg er
gra ve ls
an d
bo ulder s
re qu ire
hig h
ve lo cit ies
to sta rt
gravels mo vi ng . boulders
 The sm all es t
par ti cl es
su ch a s cl ay
an d sil t
requi re a
hi ghe r
ve lo ci ty to
pick t he m
up .
Thi s i s
be caus e t he y
ten d to sti ck
toge th er
cl ay (coh esi on) si lt
an d re si st
 Ab ov e th e c rit ic al e rosion ve locity curve , th e
zone on t he g raph is lab elle d ‘e rosion ’. This
in dic ate s th e v eloc itie s at w hic h mate ria l is
ac ti ve ly b ein g re mov ed b y th e ri ve r’s flow.
 Th e graph also shows the th re sh old v eloc ity
below w hic h d if fere nt siz ed p artic les are
de posite d (shown on the gr ap h as the ‘f all
ve loc ity’ curve ). A s th e ve loc ity de cre ase s,
sm al le r a nd smalle r par tic le s are de posite d on
th e c hannel be d.
 Th e zon e be tw een the c ritic al e rosion v eloc ity
curve an d th e f al l v eloc ity c urv e is lab elle d
‘ tran sport ’. This i ndic ate s th at p artic les
contin ue to move ( ei th er i n susp ension or b y
trac tion ) at v eloc it ie s th at are low er than
th ose r equ ir ed to star t th em m ov in g.
Don e b y: Thank
Alee q you for

Kha lizah listening


Saufi
Qa mr a