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SMART GRID
Definition: A Smart Grid is an electrical grid that uses information and Communication Technology to gather and act on information, such as information about the behavior of suppliers and consumers in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity[1].
Intelligent Appliance: It is capable of deciding when to consume power based on pre-set customer preferences. It reduces peak loads which has a major impact on electricity generation costs alleviating the need for new power plants and cutting down on damaging green house emissions. Smart Power Meter: It features two way communication between consumers and power providers to automate billing, data collection, detect outages and dispatch repair crews to the exact location earlier.
Smart Substation: It includes monitoring and control of critical and non-critical operational data such as power factor performance, breaker, transformer and battery status, security, etc. Smart Distribution: It is self-healing, self-balancing and selfoptimizing including superconducting cables for long distance transmission, and automated monitoring and analysis tools capable of detecting or even predicting cable failures based on real-time data about weather, outage history, etc.
Smart Generation: It is capable of "learning" the unique behavior of power generation resources to optimize energy production, and to automatically maintain voltage, frequency and power factor standards based on feedback from multiple points in the grid.
Universal Access: To affordable, low-carbon electrical power generation (e.g., wind turbines, concentrating solar power systems, photovoltaic panels) and storage (e.g., in batteries, flywheels or super-capacitors or in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles).
INTEGRATED COMMUNICATI ON
DECISION SUPPORT
ADVANCED COMPONENTS
Integrated Communications: It includes data acquisition, protection, and control. It enables users to interact with intelligent electronic devices in an integrated system.
Sensing and Measurement: This technology supports acquiring data to evaluate the health and integrity of the grid. It supports automatic meter reading, elimination of billing estimates, and prevent energy theft.
Advanced Components They are used to determine the electrical behavior of the grid and can be applied in either standalone applications or connected together to create complex systems such as micro-grids. The success, availability, and affordability of these components will be based on fundamental research and development (R&D) gains in power electronics, superconductivity, materials, chemistry, and microelectronics.
Advanced Control Methods These are the devices and algorithms that will analyze, diagnose, and predict grid conditions. It autonomously take appropriate corrective actions to eliminate, mitigate, and prevent outages and power quality disturbances. Improved Interfaces and Decision Support: It converts complex power-system data into information that can be easily understood by grid operators.
Reliability: By reducing the cost of interruptions and power quality disturbances and reducing the probability and consequences of widespread blackouts Economics: By keeping downward prices on electricity prices, reducing the amount paid by consumers as compared to present grid, creating new jobs, and stimulating the countries gross domestic product (GDP). Efficiency: By reducing the cost to produce, deliver, and consume electricity Environmental: By reducing emissions when compared to present grid by enabling a larger penetration of renewables and improving efficiency of generation, delivery and consumption.
BENEFITS CONT
Security: by reducing the probability and consequences of manmade attacks and natural disasters Safety: by reducing injuries and loss of life from grid-related events Flexibility: Next Generation transmission and distribution infrastructure will be better able to handle possible bi-direction energy flows allowing for distributed generation
Smart Grid
Two Way; Real Time
Limited
Extensive
Electro-mechanical
Operation
Current Grid
Smart Grid
Generation
Centralized
Reliability
Manual
Self Healing
Faroe Islands Denmark Danish Energy Company DONG ENERGY and Faroese Partner SEV demonstrate the Worlds First Smart Grid system on the windy Faroe Island. The Faroe Islands are the first place in the world where a virtual power plant is used to recreate balance in an island power system by automatically decoupling large industrial units from the main power system is less than a second, thereby avoiding systemic block-outs. Technically speaking, the virtual power plants delivers so-called fast frequency demand response.
INDIAS FIRST SMART GRID PROJECT TO BE IMPLEMENTED ON PILOT BASIS [5] Puducherry A Smart Grid project recommended by the Power Ministrys India Smart Grid Task Force will come up on a pilot basis in the union territory, reportedly the first in the country.
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KSEB, Kerala
WBSEDCL, West Bengal Silguri Town, Darjeeling District
AMI I
AMI R, AMI I, PLM
25,078
4,404
REFERENCES
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_grid. [2] http://www.ieee.org/go/emergingtech. [3]Smart Grid Basics, Joe Miller, Modern Grid Strategy Team Lead Grid Econ The Economics of a Smarter Electric Grid March 16, 2009, Conducted by National Energy Technology Laboratory [3] Toward A Smart Grid ABBS Vision Of The Power System For The Future. [4]http://kroatien.um.dk/en/aboutus/news/newsdisplaypage/?ne wsid=138fe3c7-510e-45c7-bc20- 9f190cff28f5. [5]http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-03-02/new s/31116912_1_smart-grid-pgcil-pilot-basis. [6] http://www.isgtf.in/Forms/PilotDetails.aspx.
QUERIES