Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BY GROUP NO 7
ABDUR-REHMAN,REHAN,JUNAID,UBAID,ANSAAR,SAMI
Contents
INTRODUCTION. OBJECTIVE. ENERGY RESOURCES OF PAKISTAN. CAUSES OF ENERGY CRISIS. RECOMMENDATIONS. CONCLUSION. BIBLOGRAPHY.
INTRODUCTION
Energy Crisis in Pakistan is one of the severe challenges the country is facing today. Electricity, gas, water , fuel is essential part of our daily life and its outage has severely affected the economy and overall living of ours. Thousands have lost their jobs, businesses; our daily life has become miserable. Pakistan is currently facing up to 18 hours of electricity outage a day, is expected to face more if not dealt with in time. Pakistan has been facing an unprecedented energy crisis since the last few years. The problem becomes more severe during summers. However, this winter was no different. During the peak crisis there was a power outage of 3-4 hours everyday. Those without generators and UPS faced tremendous problems. The prices of both continued to increase due to a sharp increase in their demand. Pakistan is facing power shortage, natural crisis and oil crisis. In a report it is claimed that Pakistan has faced 1000 to 2000 MW shortage of power. And it will likely face 3000MW next year. Pakistan is facing 80 millions tons of oil shortage according to it's need. And is lacking behind the needs of natural gas at about 27 million ton of energy in current year and this ratio will rise in upcoming years. This study is exploratory in nature. We have done our best to conclude and sketch up some recommendations in the light of identified hurdles in the way of implementing the appropriate solution to our problem.
Thermal energy
Thermal energy is the thermal type of energy. With all known history available, wood always used for heating and cooking. In 2 nd world war fossils fuels entered in the form of coal to get energy. Until liquid fuels were discovered and because of their convinces of transportation they took over as major of energy source. Once the steam engines were invented then the coal or liquid fuels was burnt in the in boilers and heat producers steam which is used to drive an electrical generators, or any other mechanical devices. Rudolph diesel invention of diesel engine revolution the energy concept and today we see sine the majority of machine moving on diesel engines. The choice of gensets strictly depends on the requirement of client, before ordering a power plant following points to be considered Expected demand of the power Type of fuel required Space available for the power plant Availability of gun sets Availability of local service back up and stock of parts Price is paramount importance and hidden expenses should be locked carefully.
RECOMMENDATION
Govt. must pay circular debt. Govt. must invest to cover up line losses. Industries that consume 32% of our electricity, must apply Energy Conservation Systems and Management measures. They can start producing their own energy with their own investment without depending upon the grid. Industrialists and new investors must consider the Energy Sector as good an investment as any other. Needs image building. Govt. must convert from inefficient gas plants to efficient ones in order to conserve electric energy. Govt. must consider investing in Solar Energy plants to produce Electricity as they provide free energy, and are less mechanical than Wind Energy Plants.
CONCLUSION
This study recommends government of Pakistan to take strong steps to over hall its existing infrastructure and transformed it to utilized renewable energy for future needs. Government should also take steps to utilized the coal reserves through it will give us energy for next 25 years. WAPDA is facing huge line losses due to electricity theft or illegal usage of electricity. The burden is beard by the Government so in order to cover up such losses and to ensure adequate and clean facility of electricity; we must ensure that no body breaks into the transmission system.
Key Issues
Near term
Identify key decisions and issues that need immediate or near-term resolution. State consequences of decision postponement.
Long term
Identify issues needing long-term resolution. State consequences of decision postponement.
If you are seeking funding, be specific about any issues that require financial resources for resolution.