Prepared by : Shubhra Dhyani Btech(EEE) III year 0919221054

CONTENTS
Brief Profile of the company Combined Cycle Power Plant Working of Gas Power Plant Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) Plant Overview Water Treatment Plant Generator Transformer Switch Yard Description Specifications Merits & Demerits Bibliography

Brief Profile of the company

Under IPGCL i.e. Indraprastha Power Generation Company Limited,3 Power Stations are in operation.They are as follows : 1)I.P STATION 2)RAJGHAT POWER HOUSE 3)GAS TURBINE POWER STATION (GTPS)
Under PPCL i.e. Pragati Power Cooperation Limited, one Power Station is in operation and it is: PRAGATI POWER STATION

STATIONS

I.P STATION

RAJGHAT POWER STATION 135

GTPS

PRAGATI POWER STATION 330

Station Capacity (MW) Units

247.5

282

3*62.5 (GT) + 60 (ST)

2*67.5 (GT)

6*30 (GT) + 2*104 (GT) + 3*34 (WHRU) 1*122 (WHRU) 1986 & 1996 2002-2003

Year of 1967-71 Commissionin g Coal Field/Gas Water Sources Beneficiary Areas NCL,BINA

1989-90

NCL,BINA

GAIL HBJ Pipeline River Yamuna

GAIL HBJ Pipeline

Treated water from Sen Nursing Home & Delhi Gate Sewage Treatment Plants

River Yamuna

River Yamuna

VIP-South & Central Delhi

Central & North Delhi

NDMCVIP,DMRC

NDMC,South Delhi

MISSION OF THE COMPANY

To make Delhi-Power Surplus To maximize generation from available capacity To plan and implement new generation capacity in Delhi To set ever so high standards of environment Protection To develop competent human resources for managing the company with good standards

Combined Cycle Power Plant

Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) or Combined Cycle Gas Turbine plant (CCGT) A gas turbine generator generates electricity and heat in the exhaust is used to make steam, which in turn drives a steam turbine to generate an additional electricity. In CCPP ,a successful common combination is the Brayton cycle (in the form of a turbine burning natural gas) and the Rankine cycle (in the form of a steam power plant)

 The gas turbine is comprised of three main components: a compressor, combustor and a turbine. The air is, compressed in the compressor (adiabatic compression-no heat gain or loss), then mixed with fuel and burnt by combustor under constant pressure conditions in the combustion chamber. The resulting hot gas expands through the turbine to perform work (adiabatic expansion).

Working of Gas Power Plant

Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)

The Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) is a horizontal, natural circulation, single pressure, water tube type steam generator with a single drum. It is unfired type and uses Gas turbine exhaust gases as heat source. It has been designed to generate superheat steam at a pressure of 41.5 kg/cm2 and a temperature of 512 degree Celsius at a Main Stream Value (MSV). It consists of following section : a) Superheater section

b) Evaporator section
c) Economizer section d) Condensate Pre heater (C.P.H) and components e) Steel chimney

Water Treatment Plant

The steam coming out of turbine is condensed and the condensate is feedback to the boiler as feed water. Some water may be lost due to blow-down, leakage etc and to make up these losses additional water called make up water, is required to be fed to the boiler.
The source of feed water contain impurities that could lead to scale formation. The water is passed through alum-dosed clarifier which bonds impurities and thus removed.

Chlorine removes the algae and bacterias from the water. These processes takes place in clarifier from where water is sent to D.M Plant (De-mineralized plant).

ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER: Water from the clarifier first comes in the ACF. It absorbs some of the impurities.
STRONG ACID CATION: It consists of resin named hydrocarbon. It removes the acidic impurities. This is recharged by HCl acid. DEGASIFIER: Here the gases available in the water i.e. oxygen, carbon dioxide is removed upto 5-6%. STRONG BASE ANION: It consists of resin, OH-.It removes the basic impurities. It is recharged by NaOH. The pH is 8.5-9.5. MIXED BED: It consists of both resin, acid and basic. pH is maintained about 6.8-7.2.This is recharged by HCl & NaOH.

Generator
Generator converts the mechanical energy of turbine shaft into electrical energy. Rotating field type generators are employed which are ventilated by the fans of rotor shaft or separately driven fans.
At this power plant the requirements of generator are: POLES=2 FREQUENCY=50Hz SPEED=120f/P=3000rpm The class of generator under consideration is steam turbinedriven generators, commonly called turbo generators. Generally they have the ratings up to 1900MW but here 3000rpm,50Hz generators are used of capacities 122MW.

Transformer
Transformer is a device that transforms electrical energy form from one alternating voltage to another alternating voltage without change in frequency.
IEEE defines transformer as a static electrical device, involving no continuously moving parts, used in electric power system to transfer power between circuits through the use of electromagnetic induction. Types of transformer: 1) Power Transformer 2) Instrument Transformer 3) AutoTransformer 4) On the basis of working

1) 2) 3)

Power Transformer Instrument Transformer Auto Transformer

4)

On the basis of working 4.1) Step down- converts H.V to L.V 4.2) Step up- converts L.V to H.V

SWITCH YARD DESCRIPTION

For any power station, switchyard is an important part which bridges the generating station and the distribution system i.e. via switchyard the generated electricity is fed to the sub-stations. It connects the GTPS to the northern grid. The switchyard of Gas Turbine Power Plant is of 66KV. The voltage generated is 11KV, which is then step up to 66KV by generator transformer. This 66KV is fed to the 66KV switchyard. The switchyard has the double bus bar system i.e. one is main bus and the other one is secondary bus. Some of the functions are: Change voltage from one level to another Switch transmission and distribution circuits into and out of the grid system. Measure electric power qualities flowing in the circuits. Eliminate lightning and other surges from the system.

1) ISOLATORS: They are designed to open a ckt under no load. Its main purpose is to isolate portion of the ckt from the other & is not intended to be opened while current is flowing in the line.

2) CIRCUIT BREAKERS: It is a piece of equipment which can break the circuit automatically under faulty conditions and make the circuit either manually or by remote control under faulty conditions. They can be classified as i. oil ckt breaker

ii. Gas(SF6) ckt breaker iii. Air-blast ckt breaker iv. Vaccum ckt breaker The switch yard has gas (SF6) or Sulphur Hexa Fluoride ckt breaker.

3)INSULATORS: All the insulators are made of porcelain metal parts. They are free from radio interference. They support the conductors (bus bar) and confine the current to the conductors.

4)BUS COUPLERS: Breakers are used as a bus coupler. They provide coupling between the two bus bar of zones.

5)CURRENT TRANSFORMER: C.T is an instrument t/f used for protection & metering of high values of currents. C.T is used for reducing a.c from higher to lower value of measurement/protection/control.

6) POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER: They are used to increase the range of voltmeters in electrical substations and generating stations. They are also called voltage t/f. 7)LIGHTINING ARRESTORS: It is a protective device used to protect the station, equipments against atmospheric discharge. 8)EARTHING LINKS: Switchyard Earthing is provided to protect personally from shocks and hazards from electrical equipments. 9)MULSIFIER: They are used to protect the transformer against fire.

SPECIFICATIONS
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Specifications of SF6 circuit breaker: Rated voltage 72.5kV Rated frequency 50Hz Rated current 2000A Impulse voltage (peak) 325kV Rated breaking capacity a) Symmetrical 25KA b) Asymmetrical 28KA c) Making (peak) 64KA d) Short time (for 1 sec) 2.5KA Rated Pressure 5.5 bars Total mass of ckt breaker 900kg Total SF6 gas content 3.7kg

6) 7) 8)

 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Specifications of 66KV Isolators and earthing switches: No. of Pole 03 Installation Outdoor Rated Voltage 72.5KV/66KV Rated Current 1250 Amp Rated Frequency 50 Hz

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

Specifications of 66KV Current Transformer: No. of Course 4 Rated Voltage 72.5KV/66KV Rated Current 2000-1000 Rated Frequency 50Hz Total Creep age distance 1700mm Short time Current Rating 25 KV for 1 sec

Specifications of Potential Transformer: WH 72.5-17 IEC

1) Type 2) Standard

3) Year of manufacturing 1986 4) Weight 300kg

5) Minimum Temperature 10 degree Celsius

6) Maximum Temperature 50 degree Celsius 7) Frequency 8) Voltage factor 9) Maximum Rating 50Hz 1.5 1000-500 VA

Specifications of 66KV Lightning Arrestor: 60KV

1) Rated Voltage

2) Power frequency Reseal Voltage 60KV 3) High Current Impulse 4) Class of Arrestors 100 K Amps 10 K Amps for heavy duty

5) Total creep age distance

1700mm

Merits & Demerits

Merits: Low operation and maintenance cost Less space is occupied Less gas storage Cheaper fuels like natural gas

Demerits: Temp. of combustion chamber is too high, which results in shorter life time. Gas turbine has low thermal efficiency Has starting problem Efficient only in combined cycle

Bibliography
Links referred : http://www.hrsgdesign.com/design0.htm http://ipgcl-ppcl.gov.in/ http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/electric_po wer/illustrated_glossary/substation.html#Equi pment