Third Sector Governance (Nonprofit organization)

DPA 205

Third sector all those organizations that are nongovernment and dont distribute profit Source of advocacy and democratic voice people power Source of new ideas and attempt to find solutions to social problems Source of social capital those features of social organization such as trust, norms, and networks that can improve the efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated efforts (Putnam, 1993); it is the invisible resource created when people cooperate (Coleman, 1990) Social capital is formed when people participate because they recognize that the cooperative activities of the group are ultimately to their benefit

An organization belongs to the nonprofit sector if it meets criteria of being organized, private, self-governing, nonprofit distributing and voluntary

Structural-Operational Characteristics of civil society and nonprofit organizations (Anne Marie Francisco)

Contributions as private organizations -private organizations consist of people who set themselves apart to pursue common goals and purposes - the common interests are the binding force of the organization 1) Goods and services for members - goods made and provided primarily for the use and satisfaction of their members e.g., yearbook, memorabilia, manuals, etc. - services training and orientation programs for incoming officers and members; day-care services to enable members to attend capability-bldg seminars; membership in networks allows small groups to participate in capability-bldg programs, access funds and get their voice heard regionally and unionally and support system 2) Goods and and services for the market - selling cookies (Girl Scout), handicrafts and souvenirs (POs) - produce books, periodicals, and CD-ROMs - fund-raising activities 3) Goods and services for beneficiaries - nutritious food cooked by mothers club members for the children in their day-care project; products of herbal gardens for the communitys health care - micro-credit provide small loans for hawkers, farmers and other people who are considered poor risks by banks

Contributions to Politics and Society ( L.V. Carino)

Contributions as public organizations - Civil society or nonprofit organizations are public as they purport to serve the collective and devote themselves to the general welfare 1) Political socialization - the first public activity of organizations is to awaken active citizenship by getting people to know about, accept and get involved with their programs - organizations give their members training in democratic decision-making thru their non-hierarchical structure and participatory leadership - community organizing and people empowerment empowerment includes the transformation of the people from mere passive recipients of government services to people involved in the planning, implementation and evaluation of policies and programs - increases social capital refers to the stocks of social trust, norms and networks that people can draw upon to solve common problems

Contributions (continuation)

2) Political recruitment - entry of CSO leaders into appointive or elective positions 3) Political communication provision of politically significant information to people - interest articulation and aggregation when CSO puts together advocacies representing sectoral concerns; an advocacy usually includes social criticism or actual opposition to government activities, proposals and policies - CSO acting as watchdogs of government 4) Involvement in political output functions a) Rule-making functions party-list system has opened up the legislature for representation of marginalized groups to sit in Congress on equal terms with representatives elected by district, and without having to spend an equal amount - CSOs have been given roles in administrative rule-making, e.g., NAPC (National AntiPoverty Commission) b) Rule application implementation of various programs through which the organization provides various goods and services - delegation of regulation to civil society, i.e., Philippine Council for NGO Certification (PCNC) received self-regulatory status through a MOA signed with DOF authorizing it to certify NGOs applying for donee institution status

an International State Civil Society Collaboration ex., debt for nature- scheme conceived by global NGOs where international donor agencies buy a countrys debt papers and use their proceeds for environmental projects in that country; the first DFN was agreed upon by USAID, DENR, and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) which involved its Philippine partner, the HARIBON. Covered an integrated 3-year conservation program to the tune of US$ 2M c) Rule adjudication NGOs role as petitioners
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The sector vis--vis the state Representativeness and legitimacy NGOs vs. POs Paternalism and encouragement of dependency Intolerance Lack of unity and impact as a sector Accountability lapses Problems of internal management - lack of professionalism - low administrative capacity - high turnover and need for successor generation - problems of funding and other material resources

Challenges