State Plan Project

Export oriented agriculture

Principle Investigator

S. Eswara Reddy, Ph.D Sr. Scientist (Hort)

Objectives:
1. To develop agro-techniques for Guar (Cymopsis tetragonalobus L.) for extraction of gum for export.

2. To develop agro-techniques for Vanilla (Vanilla planifera L.) under poly house for export.

Objective: To identify varieties of guar suitable for North Coastal Zone for guar gum extraction and export. Design : RBD Plot Size : 2x4 m Replications : 3

Treatments : 20 varieties

RGM-111, RGC-936,

G-986, RGM-112,

HGS-884,
GG-1, G-36, GAUG-004,

G-16,
G-42, RGC-1025, G-39,

GAUG-9005,
GAUG-9003, HG-563, RGC-1002,

G-28,
G-3, G-4, G-5

Treatment Number

Name of the variety

Plant height (cm)

No.of branches/ plant 6.33 5.00 3.67 4.66

Days to 50% flowering

V1 V2 V3 V4

RGM-111 RGC-936 G-32 (HGS-884) GG-1

63.33 67.33 70.30 69.00

28.67 30.33 31.00 33.00

V5
V6 V7 V8 V9 V10

G-36 (GAUG-003)
G-37 (GAUG-004) GAUG-9005 GAUG-9003 HG-56-3 RGC-1002

69.33
65.00 64.30 65.30 64.00 65.30

6.03
4.67 5.33 4.67 4.66 6.00

30.00
32.00 34.33 35.67 37.00 30.83 Contd..

Treatment Number
V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20

Name of the variety

Plant height (cm)

No.of branches/ plant

3.67 6.00 6.00 5.33 4.67 4.66 4.66 5.30 5.33 5.00

Days to 50% flowering

G-986 (RGC-986) RGM-112 G-16 (GAUG-0013) G-42 RGC-1025 G-39 (GAUG-9703) G-28 (RGC-1078) G-3 (HG-155-56) G-4 (KSP-50) G-5 (Vikas-35)

71.00 72.00 69.00 72.00 67.30 66.00 71.67 70.00 67.67 74.00

31.00 33.67 32.67 37.33 40.00 39.00 36.30 34.00 33.30 41.00

CD ( 0.05)

3.84

NS

2.02

Treatment Number
V1. V2. V3 V4. V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10

Name of the variety

Maturity (days)
75.33 80.00 83.30 82.30 86.30 87.30 90.00 89.30 94.00 83.00

No. of pods/plant
47.0 42.0 44.0 41.3 40.0 40.3 43.0 42.6 38.3 39.3

No. of seeds/ pod

7.34 7.10 6.67 6.33 6.09 6.66 5.67 6.66 6.70 6.00 Contd..

RGM-111 RGC-936 G-32 (HGS-884) GG-1 G-36 (GAUG-003) G-37 (GAUG-004) GAUG-9005 GAUG-9003 HG-56-3 RGC-1002

Treatment Number V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18

Name of the variety

Maturity (days) 82.30 82.70 85.30 80.30 81.30 80.30 82.70 82.60

No. of pods/plant 38.0 36.7 41.7 43.6 45.0 39.3 40.0 40.3

No. of seeds/pod 6.30 6.33 6.30 5.60 5.67 6.30 7.00 5.67

G-986 (RGC-986) RGM-112 G-16 (GAUG-0013) G-42 RGC-1025 G-39 (GAUG-9703) G-28 (RGC-1078) G-3 (HG-155-56)

V19
V20

G-4 (KSP-50)
G-5 (Vikas-35)

82.30
86.00

42.6
41.3

5.66
5.67

CD ( 0.05)

3.04

2.62

1.78

Seed yield (kg/ha):

Treatment Number 1. 2. 3 4. 5

Name of the variety RGM-111 RGC-936 G-32 GG-1 G-36 (GAUG-003) (HGS-884)

Mean value 639.67 628.33 626.67 590.00 580.00

6
7 8 9 10

G-37
GAUG-9005 GAUG-9003 HG-56-3 RGC-1002

(GAUG-004)

543.33
600.00 601.67 611.67 603.30 Contd..

Treatment Number

Name of the variety

Mean value

11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

G-986
RGM-112 G-16 G-42 RGC-1025 G-39 G-28 G-3 G-4 G-5 GM

(RGC-986)
(GAUG-0013)

598.30
595.00 591.67 585.00 615.00

(GAUG-9703) (RGC-1078) (HG-155-56) (KSP-50) (Vikas-35)

581.67 570.00 610.00 578.30 591.67 597.06

CD ( 0.05)

28.04

GUAR CROP VIEW

RGM-111

Summary:

The variety RGM-111 recorded the

Lowest Days to 50% flowering (28.67days),

Lowest plant height (63.3 cm), Early maturity (75.33 days) and Highest (47.0) number of pods/plant Highest (6.3) number of branches Highest (7.34) number of seeds/pod and Highest seed yield of 639.67kg/ha.

Title of the project: Standardization of plant spacing for seed yield in guar cv.RGM-111 Design: RBD Plot Size: 2 x 4 m Replications: 5 Name of the var. : RGM-111 Treatments: Spacing T-1 - 30x10 cm T-2 - 30x15 cm T-3 - 30x20 cm T-4 - 30x30 cm

GUAR IN FIELD IN SPACING TRIAL

2. Effect of different spacing on growth and flowering characters in guar

Treatments

Mean value

Plant height (cm)

S1 (30 X 10 cm) S2 (30 x 15 cm) S3 (30 x 20 cm) S4 (30 x 30 cm) S.Em CD at 5 % 72.2 69.8 71.2 65.2 0.93 2.01

Days to flowering
26.0 27.1 29.8 30.6 1.08 2.36

Days to maturity
80.1 78.6 79.6 76.4 1.47 NS

2. Effect of different spacing on development and yield characters in guar

Treatments No. of pods/ plant

Mean value 100 seed weight (g) 4.8 4.8 Seed yield (kg/ha)

S1 (30 X 10 cm) S2 (30 x 15 cm)

39.8 39.6

576.5 588.1

S3 (30 x 20 cm)
S4 (30 x 30 cm) S.Em CD at 5 %

42.2
48.6 1.59 3.47

5.2
4.6 0.40 NS

612.8
659.6 15.4 33.6

 The agro-techniques for Vanilla under poly house conditions is sparse and need to be developed for export.
With this in view present investigations on its suitability to local agro-climatic conditions were initiated under poly house conditions.

Poly House at RARS, Anakapalle, Total Area : 504 sq.m

Trials conducted during 2006-2007

1) Evaluation of Vanilla at different spacings under polyhouse conditions for export 2) Vanilla cuttings were planted at a spacing of 1x1m,1.5x1.5m,2x2m and 2.5x2.5 m. Plant growth is satisfactory

Data on Vegetative growth parameters for the year 2006-07:

Spacing/ Parameter Number of leaves

T1 (1x1 m) 19.61

T2 (1.5x1.5 m) 21.07

T3 T4 (2.0x2.0 m) (2.5x2.5 m) 22.51 19.88

Vine length (cm)

81.53

103.46

98.12

112.14

Horizontal Vegetative growth of Vanilla vine under poly house condition at RARS, AKP

In-side view of Poly House RARS, Anakapalle,

Gladiolus Cv. Kum kum as inter crop in Vanilla in Poly house

Bitter gourd crop under Poly House RARS, Anakapalle.

Foggers in Poly House RARS, Anakapalle.

Fogger

Drip line for irrigation to Vanilla and Gladiolus in poly house

GLADIOLUS AS INTERCROP IN VANILLA IN POLY HOUSE

Vertical Vegetative growth of Vanilla vine under poly house condition at RARS, AKP

Bitter gourd as intercrop in Vanilla grown at 2.5x2.5 m spacing

Chrysanthemum Varieties in flowering As intercrop in Vanilla In poly house

POST HARVEST STUDIES ON CERTAIN EXPORT ORIENTED

HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS USING SOLAR DRIER

Solar drier used: Model No Loading Capacity Solar Window Drying area Solar Photo Volatic Panel Electrical Back-up (220V) Cabinet Temperature (on clear sunny days) Maintains

: SDM-8 : 8 kg : 0.37 m2 : 0.56 m2 : 3.5 W : 600W : 40-65 C

: 15-30 C over ambient temperature.

Solar fan for air circulation.

Data on solar dehydration of coconut, bitter gourd, onion, carrot, drum stick leaves and water spinach for their recovery. Sl. No. Product Drying time (Hrs) Yield (%) Ambient temp. (C) Cabinet temp. (C)

1
2. 3.

Coconut
Bitter gourd Carrot

(P1)
(P2) (P3)

5
6 10

50.75
10.63 30.56

31
26 31

50
42 51

4.
5. 6.

Onion
Water spinach Curry leaves

(P4)
(P5) (P6)

18
15 8

17.14
8.17 35.15

31
29 29

51
55 55

7.

Drum stick leaves(P7)

5.5

15.38

29

55

8.

Tamarind leaves (P8)

12.0

11.46

29

55

BITTER GOURDS

BITTER GOURD SLICES

BITTER GOURD SLICES

Solar dried Bitter gourd powder

Bitter gourd sliced and boiled for 20 minutes and added with tamarind leaf powder and solar dried.

Solar dried Onion flakes

By products from coconut copra

Copra flakes Copra powder Copra bits

Moisture 6 %

Coconut De-husker
After harvesting, the succeeding operations are collection of the nuts, ripening, and de-husking. Coconuts in the husk are very bulky. They are dehusked first before being transported in trucks or carts. De-husking is a manual procedure. The principal part of the de-husker is a sharp-pointed shard of steel (a part of the native plow) positioned vertically with the point up and the broader part firmly placed on the ground. The farmeroperator impales the coconut on the sharp point with a strong determined downward movement. A few impaling strokes loosen the husk, making it come off

Since de-husked coconut is an important article of commerce locally, husking therefore becomes mandatory. The coconut husks are left with the farmer.

In the places where there is a coir fibre industry, the husks may be sold to this industry. Most often the husks are not sold but are used as fuel for drying copra.

A pedal operated coconut de-husker was developed. It is very easy to use.

Cost is Rs.500 only.

120-130 coconuts can be de-husked in an hour.

Coconut De-husker

Dr. P. Raghava Reddy, Director of Research, ANGRAU, practically getting hands on experience with Coconut de-husker.