Fire Fighting Training

What is FIRE?
Fire is a chemical reaction known as combustion where oxidation of fuel takes place in presence of heat. So it can be represented in the form of a triangle known as FIRE TRIANGLE.

FIRE
Find, Inform, Restrict, Extinguish

Fire Triangle
Basic elements of fire triangle are

Heat , Oxygen and Fuel.

OXYGEN

HEAT

FUEL

Causes of Fire
Ignorance Careless Actions Spontaneous Heat Generation Gas Leakage Electrical Short Circuit Smoking etc.

Fire Fighting Methods

Physical Extinguishment
Cooling - Removal of heat from triangle. Blanketing - Removal of Oxygen. Starvation - Removal of unburnt fuel.

Chemical Extinguishment
Without touching the fire triangle by applying chain barriers like sodium bicarbonates

Fire Classification and Fire Extinguishers

Class Source of Fire Type of extinguisher to be used Effect

A B C D

Solids Water Type (Wood, Plastic, Paper) Liquid (Petrol, Paint, Kerosene) Foam, CO2, DCP

Cooling Cooling & Blanketing Blanketing Blanketing

Gas ( LPG, Hydrogen, DCP, CO2 Acetylene) Metals (Chemicals) Special DCP

Fire Extinguisher Water Type

Used for - Class A Fire - Solid (Wood, Paper etc.)

Capacity Available - 9, 50, 153 Ltrs

Contents

- Water pressurized with Co2 gas

Fire Extinguisher Foam Type

Used for - Class A Fire - Solid (Wood, Paper etc.) - Class B Fire - Liquid (Petrol, Paint etc.) Capacity Available - 9, 50, 153 Ltrs Contents - Aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) are waterbased, frequently containing sodium alkyl sulphate, and/or perfluoro telomer as surfactants. They have the ability to spread over the surface of hydrocarbonbased liquids

Fire Extinguisher Gas Type

Used for - Class B Fire - Liquid (Petrol, Paint etc.) - Class C Fire - Gas (LPG, Hydrogen, Acetylene) Capacity Available - 2, 3.2, 4.5, 6.8, 9.0, 22.5 Kgs
Contents - Highly pressurized carbon dioxide, a non-flammable gas

Fire Extinguisher Powder (BC) Type

Used - Class B Fire - Liquid (Petrol, Paint etc.) - Class C Fire - Gas (LPG, Hydrogen,

Acetylene) Capacity Available - 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 150 Kgs

Contents

- Sodium Bicarbonate pressurized with CO2 gas

Fire Extinguisher Powder (ABC) Type

Used for Capacity Available Class A Fire - Solid (Wood, Paper etc.) Class B Fire - Liquid (Oil, Petrol etc.) Class C Fire - Gas (LPG, Hydrogen, Acetylene) 1, 2, 5, 10 Kgs

Contents

Monoammonium Phosphate pressurized with Nitrogen gas. (Leaves sticky residue after use. Hence not ideal to use on computer/ precision equipments)

Fire Extinguisher Spl. Powder Type

Used - Class D Fire - Metals (Chemicals like magnesium, sodium, potassium)

Capacity Available - 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 150 Kgs Contents - Pyrommitte powder

If you notice fire at site

Shout Fire Fire or Break MCP ( Manual Call Point) or Inform CMC ( Crisis Management Centre) by calling extn. 30955

If you hear alarm

Evacuate from the building using emergency escape route. Assemble in assembly point and wait for further instructions On hearing All Clear Siren go back to your work place If are a trained fire fighter inform CMC about the fire and then if fire is small, extinguish the fire

Emergency Contact Nos.

Police 100 Fire 101 Ambulance -102 Central Fire Control Room 22971600/22971500/22971550 Whitefield Fire Station 2297 1541 Whitefield Police Station (South East division) 22943472

Fight Fire Safely

Always stand with an exit at your back. Stand several feet away from the fire. Use a sweeping motion and aim at the base of the fire. If possible, use a "buddy system" to have someone back you up or call for help if something goes wrong. Be sure to watch the area for awhile to ensure it doesn't re-ignite.

Never Fight a Fire If:

The fire is spreading rapidly. Only use a fire extinguisher when the fire is in its early stages. If the fire is already spreading quickly, evacuate and call the fire department.

You don't know what is burning. Unless you know what is burning, you won't know what type of fire extinguisher to use. You don't have the proper fire extinguisher. The wrong can be dangerous or life-threatening.
There is too much smoke or you are at risk of inhaling smoke