In Your Own Words

PARAPHRASING

By the end of the lesson, you will know

how to put a passage in your own words without changing the meaning by paraphrasing

What is Paraphrasing?
Rewriting of text in your own words to o clarify meaning o shorten a longer statement but keeps the main ideas o avoid plagiarism

Example
ORIGINAL PASSAGE
Ancient Egyptians believed that Osiris, a good and wise king, was the first pharaoh. He spread knowledge to other parts of the world, while his wife, Isis, ruled Egypt in his place.

Good Example
ORIGINAL PASSAGE PARAPHRASED PASSAGE King Osiris was the first pharaoh and spread knowledge. Queen Isis ruled Egypt when he was gone.

Ancient Egyptians believed that Osiris, a good and wise king, was the first pharaoh. He spread knowledge to other parts of the world, while his wife, Isis, ruled Egypt in his place.

Poor Example
ORIGINAL PASSAGE PARAPHRASED PASSAGE

Ancient Egyptians believed King Osiris was an ancient that Osiris, a good and wise Egyptian King and the first king, was the first pharaoh. pharaoh. He was good and He spread knowledge to wise because he spread other parts of the world, knowledge to other parts of while his wife, Isis, ruled the world. His wife Isis ruled Egypt in his place. Egypt in his place.

How Do We Do It?

Commonly Used Paraphrasing Techniques

Synonyms Moving phrases Changing voices Changing parts of speech Sentence combining

Synonyms
Overuse of ground water would lead to pervasive drought. Overuse of ground water would cause widespread dryness.

Moving Phrases
Overuse of ground water would cause widespread dryness.

Widespread dryness would be a result of overuse of ground water.

Changing Voices
The use of renewable sources could stop the destruction of the rainforests. (active voice)

The destruction of the rainforests could be stopped by the use of renewable sources. (passive voice)

Changing parts of speech

The use of renewable sources could stop the destruction of the rainforests.

Using renewable sources could stop people destroying the rainforests.

Sentence combining
Typhoon forced more than a thousand people to escape from villages in the mountains. It poured over one meter of heavy rain on mountainous areas. (2 sentences)

Typhoon forced more than a thousand people to escape from villages in the mountains as it poured over one meter of heavy rain on mountainous areas. (1 sentence)

LETS SNAP

Lets Try!

Like many animals, the giant panda needs a special environment to survive.

Synonyms

Like many animals, the giant panda needs a special environment to survive.

Synonyms
Like many animals, the giant panda needs a special environment to survive. Like many kinds of fauna, the extremely big panda requires a particularly different habitat to continue to live.

Moving Phrases

Like many kinds of fauna, the extremely big panda requires a particularly different habitat to continue to live.

Moving Phrases
Like many kinds of fauna, the extremely big panda requires a particularly different habitat to continue to live.

The extremely big panda, like many kinds of fauna, requires a particularly different habitat to continue to live.

Changing voices

Like many kinds of fauna, the extremely big panda requires a particularly different habitat to continue to live. (active voice)

Changing voices
Like many kinds of fauna, the extremely big panda requires a particularly different habitat to continue to live. (active voice) A particularly different habitat is required by the extremely big panda to continue to live like many kinds of fauna. (passive voice)

PARAPHRASED
Like many animals, the giant panda needs a special environment to survive.

A particularly different habitat is required by the extremely big panda to continue to live like many kinds of fauna.

Your Turn
Its natural habitat is bamboo forest found in China.

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Your Turn
Whilst there are many varieties of bamboo, the panda will eat only four types.

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Your Turn
Their basic diet is arrow bamboo.

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Your Turn
The arrow bamboo will not grow in areas that are above 3500 metres or in river valleys and plains that have been farmed.

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Your Turn
Like many animals, the giant panda needs a special
environment to survive. Its natural habitat is bamboo forest found in China. Whilst there are many varieties of bamboo, the panda will eat only four types. Their basic diet is arrow bamboo. The arrow bamboo will not grow in areas that are above 3500 metres or in river valleys and plains that have been farmed.

Your Turn
A particularly different habitat is required by the extremely big panda to continue to live like many kinds of fauna. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Lets Snap!

On Your Own
Of the more than 1000 bicycling deaths each year,
three-fourths are caused by head injuries. Half of those killed are school-age children. One study

concluded that wearing a bike helmet can reduce

the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident, a bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head.

CONGRATULATIONS!
YOU HAVE SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED THIS LESSON ON PARAPHRASING! REMEMBER PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT!