AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING COLLEGE, GZB

BYPRABHAT KR.PATEL EN-F (3rd year) 1002721071

MAGNETIC LEVITATION
It is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic field.

also known as magnetic suspension. highest recorded speed is 581 kph.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Imagine that two bar magnets are suspended one above the other with like poles directly above and below each other. Any effort to bring these two magnets into contact with each other will have to overcome the force of repulsion that exists between two like magnetic poles.

LEVITATION
Levitation is the process by which an object is suspended against gravity in a stable position. First thing a maglev system must do is get off the ground, and then stay suspended off the ground.

The repulsion of superconducting magnets and electromagnets in the track keeps a maglev train suspended above the track. By varying the strength and polarity of the track electromagnets, the train can be driven forward.

MAGLEV GUIDE TRACK

The magnetized coil running along the track, called a guideway, repels the large magnets on the train's undercarriage, allowing the train to levitate between 0.39 and 3.93 inches (1 to 10 cm) above the guideway. Power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway.

Electromagnetic Suspension

Variation 0f Height With Speed

Linear induction motor (LIM) in magnetic levitation

The

High Speed Surface Transport (HSST) system is propelled by linear induction motor.

The HSST

levitation system uses ordinary electromagnets that exerts an attractive force and levitate the vehicle.

Characteristics of LIM
In

most vehicular propulsion systems, provision must be made for increasing the power when the demand increases. Whenever more power is needed, the moving magnet begins to lag further behind the stationary one; this results in an immediate increase in thrust. No separate control is needed

Facts About Maglev

Maglev tech is a relatively new transportation tech in which non contacting vehicles travel safely at speeds of 250 to 300mph or higher. The forces acting on an object in any combination of gravitational, electrostatic, and magneto static fields will make the object's position unstable. It is possible to levitate superconductors and other diamagnetic materials, which magnetize in the opposite sense to a magnetic field in which they are placed.

Benefits of Magnetic Levitated Transportation system

Power of the maglev motor is dependent on the local conditions. Maglev uses 30% less energy than a high-speed train traveling at the same speed. Operating costs of a maglev system are approximately half that of conventional long-distance railroads. Maglev is about 20 times safer than airplanes, 250 times safer than conventional railroads, and 700 times safer than automobile travel. Despite the speeds up to 500 km/hour, passengers can move about freely in the vehicles Easy maintenance, no friction and less noise pollution.

Noise Pollution
The train makes little noise because it does not touch the track and it has no motor. Therefore, all noise comes from moving air. This sound is equivalent to the noise produced by city traffic.

Magnetic Field
The magnetic field created is low, therefore there are no adverse effects.

CURRENT PROJECTS
Germany and Japan have been the pioneering countries in MagLev research. Currently operational systems include Transrapid (Germany) and High Speed Surface Transport (Japan). There are several other projects under scrutiny such as the Swiss Metro, Seraphim and Inductrack. All have to do with personal rapid transit.

CONCLUSION
The Maglev Train: Research on this dream train has been going on for the last 30 odd years in various parts of the world. The chief advantages of this type of train are: Non-contact and non-wearing propulsion, independent of friction, no mechanical components like wheel, axle. Maintenance costs is low. Low noise emission and vibrations at all speeds.