Professional Documents
Culture Documents
30 July 2013
What is solar Energy? It is a green energy Works with solar panels which are eco-friendly
electric generators Solar panels generate free power from the sun by converting sunlight to electricity with no moving parts, zero emissions, and no maintenance. The solar panel, the first component of an electric solar energy system, is a collection of individual silicon cells that generate electricity from sunlight. The photons (light particles) produce an electrical current as they strike the surface of the thin silicon wafers
2 Prepared by: Rustom Hannes (Elec. Eng) 30 July 2013
30 July 2013
The most efficient and expensive solar panels are made with Monocrystalline cells. These solar cells use very pure silicon and involve a complicated crystal growth process they have the highest output for a given surface area and can last as long as 25 years. Polycrystalline solar panels Often called Multi-crystalline, solar panels made with Polycrystalline cells are a little less expensive & slightly less efficient than Monocrystalline cells because the cells are not grown in single crystals but in a large block of many crystals. cells are sliced from a cast silicon block and have an appearance of shattered glass. they have a lower efficiency but they have a similar life span to the monocrystalline types while sometimes being a bit cheaper per watt Amorphous solar panels These are not really crystals, but a thin layer of silicon deposited on a base by: material as metal or glass to create the solar panel 30 July 2013 Prepared Rustom such Hannes (Elec. Eng)
Site survey for PV panels Points to be considered in site selection: Shading and shadowing in solar panels Temperature and wind loading considerations Types of solar array mountings fixed mounting Adjustable mounting Tracking
30 July 2013
30 July 2013
30 July 2013
30 July 2013
30 July 2013
10
30 July 2013
11
30 July 2013
PV panels
Batteries Charge Controller Inverter DC Cable
12
30 July 2013
Solar Panels Photovoltaic (PV) panels convert sunlight directly into electricity. 2. True Sine Wave Inverter 12, 24 and 48 Volt
1.
13
30 July 2013
14
30 July 2013
3.Charge Controller
15
30 July 2013
produce, the excessive voltage could damage the batteries. A charge controller is used to maintain the proper charging voltage on the batteries. As the input voltage from the solar array rises, the charge controller regulates the charge to the batteries preventing any over charging. Modern multi-stage charge controllers Most quality charge controller units have what is known as a 3 stage charge cycle that goes like this :
16
30 July 2013
Load analysis
A quick and easy load analysis can be done by looking at an electric bill. You may find energy usage from 5 kWHour to 30kWHour per day, depending on the type of electric appliances used. If you are interested in lowering your electric bill, it will pay to look into more efficient lights and appliances. If you are looking to meet all or most of your needs with a solar electric system, you will almost certainly have to eliminate huge loads like electric water heaters and ovens. Tools and pumps are not a problem because they are not on for long periods of time.
17
30 July 2013
To begin sizing a solar electrical system, you need to determine your power consumption demands Make a list of the appliances and/or loads you are going to run from your solar electric system Find out how much power each item consumes while operating. Calculate your AC loads Calculate your DC loads
18
30 July 2013
19
30 July 2013
The first decision you have to make is how much storage you
would like your battery bank to provide Often this is expressed as "days of autonomy" because it is based on the number of days you expect your system you should also consider your usage pattern and the critical nature of your application.
20
30 July 2013
21
30 July 2013
22
30 July 2013
23
30 July 2013
24
30 July 2013
25
30 July 2013
Thank you
26
30 July 2013
27
30 July 2013