Unit-I Significance of CMA, objectives, functions, organization principles, types Unit-II Construction planning, bar charts, CPM, PERT,

RT, network problems. Unit-III Cost time analysis, schedule compressing,. Unit-IV Contracts, safety in construction, labor act, compensation act . Unit-V
Optimisation through LP, need for LP, graphical method, simplex method.

Reference books
1. 2. 3. 4. Construction planning and management by PS Gahlot, BM Dhir Operations Research by Taha H Total Construction Project Management by George J Ritz Project Management CPM, PERT, GERT and Linear Programming by J C Pant

Construction Management and Administration: Unit-I

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Significance of Construction Management Objectives of Construction Management Functions of Construction Management Construction Management team Principles of organization

6.

Types of organization

Significance of Construction Management

Under Developed to Developing country through major infra-projects such as multipurpose river valley projects, industrial development projects, NHDP projects, Irrigation Canal projects, Railway Projects, Port development projects etc., On an average about 50% of the total expenditure of our 5year plans is invested in construction works
Construction is an everlasting activity across the globe

Every sector of our economy involves construction activities

Construction is a major economic activity in India (7% GDP) and playing important role in the development of the country

Significance of Construction Management

Construction industry Provides employment on large scale (31.5million manpower in 2005) If construction project schedules are not maintained, the cost increases Use of machine and equipments in construction industry increases the quality of construction The art of construction has slowly developed as a science through ages. In our country, building construction in rural and semi-urban areas is more or less an art

Significance of Construction Management

India is still developing country (scope for construction) The input of the labor, capital, machinery and raw materials can never become production without the catalyst of management In order to ensure that the huge resources invested in the construction industry are deployed efficiently for the benefit of society it needs construction management professionals

Act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources Efficiently and Effectively

Construction management or construction project management (CPM) is the overall Planning, Coordination, and Control of a project from Inception to Completion aimed at meeting a clients requirements in order to produce a functionally and financially viable project.

Projects and Operations

Projects Operations

Unique Temporary
Aim is to achieve the objectives of the project and then to close the project Future orientation Creation of new things

Ongoing Repetitive
Objective of operation is to sustain the business Present Orientation Maintenance of existing things

Best designed structure??

One which would collapse at the applied loading such that this loading is safety factor times the loading that is expected on the structure and that when such a failure occurs ALL THE COMPONENTS OF THE STRUCTURE
FAIL SIMULTANEOUSLY
Proper design, Fabrication Assembly of each component of structure

Objectives of Construction Management

The main objectives of construction management are

1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.

Completing the work within estimated budget and specified time

Evolving a reputation for high quality workman ship Providing safe and satisfactory working conditions for all personnel and workers Taking sound decisions at the lowest practical management level

through delegation of authority

Motivating people to give of their best within their capacities Creating an organization that works as a team

Economy by the Engineer

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. By incorporating components/materials in the design which are locally available By avoiding special equipments not available in the country Using standard or similar sections (modular coordination techniques) By giving full details/specs and eliminating wrong parts procurement Having a trained and experienced supervisory staff By providing all necessary documents to avoid delays

Questions please???

Functions of Construction Management

The function of construction management are 1. Planning and scheduling 2. Organizing 3. Staffing 4. Directing 5. Controlling 6. Co-ordinating

Functions of Construction Management

1. Planning and scheduling
Planning involves formulation of a number of alternative realistic work plan for achieving specified objectives and finally selecting a plan which is best suited from the stand-point of available resources and constraints imposed upon the project. It essentially covers the aspects of what to do and how to do it. Scheduling is the fitting of the final work plan to a time scale. It shows the duration and order of various construction activities. It deals with the aspect of when to do it.

Functions of Construction Management

2. Organizing
Organizing is concerned with Division of the total construction work into manageable departments/sections Systematically arranging various operations by delegating specific tasks to individuals The relationship between various personnel are established The organizational structure of the project is depicted by a flow chart.

Organization chart of a QA/QC Dept.

QA/QC Manager

QA/QC Asst.Manager package-1

QA/QC Asst.Manager package-2

QA/QC EngineerStructures

QA/QC EngineerRoads

QA/QC EngineerRoads

QA/QC EngineerStructures

Technician1

Technician4 Technician5 Technician6

Technician1 Technician2 Technician3

Technician4

Technician2
Technician3

Technician5
Technician6

Functions of construction management

3. Staffing
Organising involves the division of project work into sections and staffing is provision of people to fill the positions so created Staffing functions include
1. Recruiting the right people 2. Arranging staff training courses 3. Carryout proper staff assessment

Functions of construction management

4. Directing
The directing function is concerned with training subordinates to carryout assigned tasks, supervising their work and guiding their efforts.
The essence of directing lies in the ability to motivate people individually and as groups to utilize their creative efforts in achieving specified objectives

Functions of Construction Management

5. Controlling
Controlling is necessary for ensuring effective and efficient working It involves a constant review of the work plan to check on actual achievements and to discover and rectify deviations through appropriate corrective measures. The essentials in management control are
Actual performance measurement (Progress, quality, cost) Comparison of actual and planned performance Analysis of shortfall in performance, identification and implementation of suitable remedial measures

Quick and accurate flow of information is a vital aspect

Functions of Construction Management

6. Co-ordinating
Since authority converges to the top of the organizational pyramid, it is necessary to bring together and coordinate the work of various departments and sections It requires an efficient system of communication so that each department and section is aware of its role and the assistance to be expected from others
Regular meetings of departmental heads with top management are fundamental to proper coordination Plans, problems and remedies are discussed for determining best solution

Resources for Construction Industry

1. 2. 3. Materials
Aggregate, Cement, Bitumen, Steel ..

Manpower
Unskilled, Skilled, Operators, Engineers, Managers .

Machinery
Mixing plants, Transit mixers, cranes, boom placers, concrete pumps, rollers, pavers, graders.

4. 5.

Funds
ADB, World Bank, State/Central Govt., PSUs,

Space
Govt. land /private land

Types of Construction
Light Construction
Buildings and light structures Residential houses, shopping centers, schools, water tanks, culverts, small bridges

Heavy Construction
Heavy plant &Equipments used Work scope will be large Multi span bridges, tunnels, dams, barrages, highways, railways, airports, harbors

Industrial construction
Special technology, plant & equipment used Chemical & fertilizer plants, steel plants, petroleum refineries, atomic /thermal power plants, automobile & Aircraft industry

Stages in Construction
1. Briefing stage 2. Designing/planning stage

3. Tendering stage
4. Construction stage

5. Commissioning stage

Try to identify profession of these individuals..

Construction team
Owner
Individual or group of individuals, private or public undertaking Ultimate authority with major decision making power Controls resources Approves changes if any in scope/schedule Eg. PWD, NHAI, Indian Army,

Engineers and Architects

Civil, mechanical, electrical, Architects, specialists/consultants Design, Supervision, Project management consultants

Contractor
With a team of planning engineers, site engineers, surveyors, suppliers, subcontractors

Construction team