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Lesson objectives:
Be familiar with the definition of psychology Understand why psychology is a science Be familiar with the historical roots of psychology, both in the west and in the Philippines Understand the different perspectives in psychology Understand the different research methods Become familiar with the different fields of psychology Know the importance of studying psychology
Why can some people lift a very object single-handedly during times of emergency? Are ghosts real? Why do we not forget how to swim/drive? Why are emotions so powerful? Is homosexuality inborn or acquired? Why do relationships fail? What makes a person beautiful?
Definition of Pyschology
History of Psychology
Interest on the human mind began with the Greeks (philosophers like Heraclitus, Socrates, Aristotle and Plato, including poets like Homer, Hesiod and Pindar)
Homer, for example, did not have a single word for the soul or the mind. Some of the words he used include psyche, thymos or noos. During the Middle Ages, human psyche is subsumed under rational psychology or theology. St. Thomas Aquinas was one of the pioneers who studied human soul and human passion. The human psyche was identified either with ratio or anima.
In the Philippines, psychology is believed to have been taught as early as the 17th century in the University of Santo Tomas and University of San Carlos in Cebu.
UST is also believed to be the first school in the Philippines to offer undergraduate, masteral and doctoral degrees in psychology.
The first Department of Psychology ever established in the Philippines was in University of the Philippines in 1926, under the headship of Agustin Alonzo, who received his doctorate in experimental psychology from the University of Chicago.
University of Texas, 1944 University of Michigan Harvard University, 1955 Stanford University, 1955 Fordham University, 1961
Filipino Psychology
Virgilio Enriquez of the University of the Philippines founded the Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino in 1975 and was the leading proponent of Filipino psychology.
Perspectives in Psychology
Psychodynamic Approach (Sigmund Freud) our behavior stems from unconscious processes, conflict between biological instincts and societys demands Behavioral Approach (John B. Watson) activities that people do Cognitive Approach mental processes Biological or behavioral neuroscience approach how the brain and nervous system underlie behavior and mental processes Phenomenological or Humanistic Approach (Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers) focuses on the personal or subjective experience of events Sociocultural Approach how social and cultural approach influence behavior Evolutionary Psychology Approach adaptation, reproduction and survival of the fittest in explaining behavior
Correlational Method determines whether two or more variables are associated or related to each other
Naturalistic Observation Method observation of phenomenon of interest as it occurs naturally Survey Method employs written questionnaire or interview Standardized Tests requires respondents to answer series of questions in a standardized test Case Studies descriptive record of an individuals experiences or behavior Archival Research Method traces written records, statistical archives and physical traces of the subjects of research Indigenous Research Method pagmamasid, pakikiramdam, pagtatanong-tanong, pagsubok, pagdalawdalaw, pakikisangkot
Fields in Psychology
Clinical Psychology Counseling Psychology Industrial-organizational Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Experimental Psychology School and Educational Psychology Nueropsychology Peace Psychology Personality Psychology Physiological Psychology Political Psychology Psychology of Women Sports Psychology Cognitive Psychology Consumer Psychology Cross-cultural Psychology Engineering Psychology Enviromental Psychology Forensic Psychology Health Psychology
Assignment:
Go to the library or surf the internet to find an article or book excerpt on any of the following:
Key person in the history of psychology Perspectives in psychology Research methods of psychology Fields in psychology