Presented byPooja(Section-A) Harshita Sharma(Section-B) Prateek Verma(Section-C) Pallavi Jaiswal(Section-D)

An International Agreement that set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, was adopted in Kyoto, Japan on 11th December 1997.

The protocol was developed under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) Goal - reducing emissions of greenhouse gases Headquarter at New York Negotiated in 1997 but ratified on Feb 15,2005. 191 countries are members of Kyoto protocol Contains 2 Annexes:
Annex countries : Developed countries Non -Annex countries : Developing countries

USA Japan Germany United Kingdom Canada Italy Poland France Australia Spain Czech Republic Netherlands Romania Belgium Bulgaria Greece

36.1 8.5 7.4 4.3 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.7 2.1 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.6

Hungary Austria Denmark Finland Slovakia Sweden Norway Switzerland Estonia Ireland Latvia New Zealand Luxembourg Monaco Liechtenstein Iceland

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

China India Brazil Mexico Malaysia Thailand Philippines Chile South Korea Vietnam Columbia Israel Argentina Peru South Africa Honduras Guatemala Srilanka Panama Pakistan

Increased energy consumption Rapid industrial growth

Increased CO2 & other GHG emissions

Global warming due to increased concentration of GHG

EARLIER

NOW

Kyoto protocol created legally based targets for the member countries Increasing awareness of the need for pollution control It is an outcomes of the Kyoto Protocol It was enforced from Feb 2008

A credit for reducing 1 tonne of CO2 (Green House Gases) from the atmosphere

FLEXIBILITY MECHANISM

Emission trading

Joint implementation

Clean development Mechanism

Project based

Developed country A (needs CC)

Payment for CC to meet the target

Developed country B Earns carbon credits called Assigned Amount Units

Sell these carbon credits

Sets a project Developed country A (needs CC)

Sell carbon credits

Developed country B Earns carbon credits called Emission Reduction Units

Sets a project Developed country (needs CC) Developing Country Earns carbon credits called Certified Emission Reduction

Sells carbon credits

India signed the Kyoto protocol in August 2002 India is the second-largest seller of carbon credits globally . India consistently ranked no.1 on CDM country ranking for the past year. Over 75% of Indias CDM potential lies in the energy sector.

Kyoto Protocol extended till 2020: Doha Climate Conference(26th nov) Carbon credit scam would have cost Britain 2bn