Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

Integrated 1D-2D Flood Modelling for Urban, Riverine and Coastal Flooding

MIKE FLOOD

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Introduction to MIKE FLOOD MIKE FLOOD

Integrated 1D-2D Flood Modelling for UrbanFlooding

Prague (Czech Republic)

Dhaka City (Bangladesh)

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD MIKE FLOOD

Integrated 1D-2D Flood Modelling for Riverine Flooding

The Red River in North Dakota (1997)

The Hunter River, Australia (2007)

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD MIKE FLOOD

Integrated 1D-2D Flood Modelling for Coastal Flooding

Storm surge over the highway during Hurricane Katrina (New Orleans, 2005)

Storm surge during Hurricane Ivan (Florida, 2004)

Need for Numerical Modelling!

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

Why detailed flood modelling?

Floods caused by overflowing rivers and lack of drainage capacity causes damages in cities and loss of productive lands

Integrated modelling of rivers & drainage systems AND flood plains assist in mitigating flood risks by better understanding of the integrated system

Introduction MIKE FLOOD

Coupled 1D-2D Model = State of the art for modelling urban floods In order to make the full use of such a model: it should be combined with knowledge of how good the model is i.e. should we add some uncertainty factor(s)? it needs to be combined with other systems e.g. early warning systems/information systems
The model only serves as a tool for making informed decisions

Problem

Problem analysis

Solution testing

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD WHAT IS MIKE FLOOD?

An Integrated 1D-2D Tool for

Floodplain modelling Storm surge studies Urban drainage assessments

Dambreak simulations
Hydraulic design of structures Coastal and estuarine applications Impact assessment of climate change

MIKE FLOOD concept

2D Overland Flow
MIKE 21

1D River Flow
MIKE 11 HD

MIKE FLOOD

1D Urban Pipe Flow

MIKE URBAN

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

THE MIKE FLOOD CONCEPT

1-D Model of one-dimensional flow (MIKE 11 and/or MIKE URBAN) 2-D Model of two-dimensional flow (MIKE 21 or MIKE 21 FM)

Connection points or couples

Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

MIKE FLOOD Simulation Features

1D Models:

- 1D river network with MIKE 11 - 1D sewer network with MIKE URBAN/MOUSE

2D Engines (MIKE 21/MIKE 21 FM): - Single Grid - Multicell Overland Flow Solver - Flexible Mesh (FM)

Urban Network (MIKE URBAN)

River Network (MIKE 11)

2D Overland Flow/Terrain/DEM (MIKE 21)

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD WHAT IS MIKE FLOOD? Multiple Coupling Possibilities 3 Way Coupling

MIKE FLOOD
1D Model
2D Model

MIKE URBAN

MIKE 21

- Single grid - Multicell Overland Solver - FM

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD WHAT IS MIKE FLOOD? Multiple Coupling Possibilities 3 Way Coupling

1D Model

MIKE FLOOD

2D Model

MIKE 11

MIKE 21

- Single - Multicell Overland Flow Solver - FM

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD WHAT IS MIKE FLOOD? Multiple Coupling Possibilities 3 Way Coupling
1D Model

MIKE FLOOD

2D Model

MIKE 11

MIKE 21

MIKE URBAN

- Single grid - Multicell Overland Solver - FM

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

WHAT IS MIKE FLOOD?

Multiple Coupling Possibilities 3 Way Coupling

1D Model

MIKE FLOOD

2D Model

MIKE URBAN

MIKE 21

- Single grid - Multicell Overland Solver - FM

MIKE 11

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD KEY FEATURES

MIKE FLOOD allows
Various Structures in 1D and 2D domains 3 Way Coupling Combination of 1D and 2D engines Full momentum transfer Standard and structure links

Lateral and zero flow links

Graphical representation of couples Coupling with urban drainage models Coupling with the FM series

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD 1D, 2D or Both?

Some questions to consider before choosing a model: What are the phenomenons to study? What are the required results/outputs? Study area (extent, slopes, morphology, etc) Available data (quality, quantity, input, calibration) Budget Time schedule

1D, 2D OR BOTH?
1D model (MIKE URBAN and MIKE 11) Advantages of 1D model:
Accurate hydraulic description in rivers/channels which are one-dimensional flow; Accurate hydraulic description of all water networks in the city: storm water drainage systems and sewer collection in separate and combined systems

Less computational points relative to 2D model, ie. less CPU time;

Easy to analyse and extract results (MIKE View). Operational structures

Disadvantages of 1D model:

Overland flow paths must be known beforehand;

Substantially more effort required for model schematisation relative to 2D models; Depth and width averaged flow; no detailed flow descriptions in floodplains.

Suitable for projects:

Where detailed flow patterns and depths are not important;

With many complex structures; Where modelling of pipe sewer/stormwater systems is required Where short simulation time is important (e.g. design, flood warning).

1D, 2D OR BOTH? MIKE 21 (Single grid, Multicell Solver)

Advantages of 2D model (MIKE 21):
2-D flow simulated dynamically without prescribing flow patterns; Can simulate super critical flow (high velocity); Flexibility for tailoring grid resolution within the model ; Detailed information on velocity, depths etc. on floodplains;

FAST: Multicell Overland Flow Solver for M21 Classic

Disadvantages of 2D model (MIKE 21):

Requires fine grid in rivers/channels in order to define conveyance accurately. Requires more computational effort than 1D engine

MIKE 21 suitable for projects:

Where detailed velocity and depth patterns are important; Where the flow paths are not well defined; Where channel flows can be resolved within the model grid.

1D, 2D OR BOTH? MIKE21 FM

Advantages of 2D model (MIKE21 FM):
2-D flow simulated dynamically without prescribing flow patterns; Any alignment of boundaries; Adaptive time step to the dynamics; Flexibility for tailoring grid resolution within the model (FM); Combination of rectangular and triangular elements; FAST: parallel processing of FM Module.

Disadvantages of 2D model (MIKE21):

Requires fine grid in rivers/channels in order define conveyance accurately.

MIKE 21 suitable for projects:

Where detailed velocity and depth patterns are important; Where the flow paths are not well defined; Where channel flows can be resolved within the model grid.

1D, 2D OR BOTH? MIKE FLOOD

Advantages of MIKE FLOOD:

Combines the best features while minimizing the limitations of each individual model!

Contains the benefits from both 1D (MIKE 11/MOUSE) and 2D Engines (MIKE21/MIKE21 FM);
Allows sub-grid scale features to be accurately represented. Faster resolution with Multi Cell Overland Flow Solver (structured grid only) and parallel processing with the FM module.

Integration of flood plains, streets, rivers, coasts and sewer/storm water systems
Combines 1D and 2D results in one seamless grid.

Disadvantages of MIKE FLOOD:

Two (or 3) models must be maintained instead of one;

MIKE FLOOD suitable for projects:

Where a 2D description is needed for the floodplain; Where the 1D features (eg. Advanced Structures, Dambreak, 1D Channel representation, Sewer Network) are required elsewhere in the system.

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD 1D, 2D OR BOTH?

Features Model

X X X X X

: Fully applicable

: Partly applicable

: Not applicable

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD PERFORMANCE IMPROVMENTS

Continued focus on Engine optimisation to improve simulation performance further.
Single grid MIKE 21 using parallel processing, 64 bit UK Environment Agency (2010): Benchmarking of 2D Hydraulic Modelling Packages MIKE Flood comes out as the fastest in nearly all tests performed!

Relative Run-times. Lower values = faster simulations. Green = fastest package in test.

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING POSSIBILITIES

Various Link Types MIKE 11 / MIKE 21
Standard Link Structure Link Lateral Link

MIKE URBAN / MIKE 21 Urban Link

M21 to Inlet M21 to Outlet Weir to M21 Pump to M21

MIKE 11 / MIKE URBAN River-Urban Link

MIKE 11 Water level Boundary MIKE URBAN Outlet to MIKE 11 MIKE URBAN Weir to MIKE 11

Zero Flow Link

MIKE URBAN Pump to MIKE 11

Side Structure Link

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

COUPLING OPTIONS
Standard Links (MIKE 11/MIKE 21 MIKE 21 FM)

Standard Link: Connecting a detailed MIKE11 structure or branch internal within a MIKE21 grid

MIKE11 Network

Standard Link: Connecting an external M11 branch to a detailed M21 grid

MIKE11 Network MIKE21 Grid

Links the end of a MIKE 11 branch to 1 or more MIKE 21 cells.

MIKE11 Network

Standard Links are EXPLICIT

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING OPTIONS

Structure Links (MIKE 11 / MIKE 21 - Not available with FM) Good to simulate structures within MIKE 21. Flow from MIKE 11 HQH branch is inserted into momentum equation in MIKE 21.
MIKE11 Network

Land/Abutment

Linked MIKE21 cells

Structure Link: Flow through a structure is modelled using a short MIKE11 branch representing the structure(s). Structure parameters are inserted into MIKE21 flow equations.

MIKE21 Grid Land/Abutment

Structure Links are IMPLICIT

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING OPTIONS

Lateral Links (MIKE 11/MIKE 21 MIKE 21 FM) MIKE 11 branch laterally linked to a string of MIKE 21 cells. Good to simulate overflow from a river into the floodplain.
MIKE11 Network

Specify flow over either left or right banks

2D FLOOD AREA

1D RIVER NETWORK

CONNECTION 1D-2D BY LATERAL LINKS

Lateral Link: Lateral weir flow from river channel (M11) to floodplain (M21).

MIKE21 Grid

2D FLOOD AREA

Lateral Links are EXPLICIT

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING OPTIONS

Zero Flow Links (X=0, Y=0) (MIKE11/MIKE 21 - Not available with FM)
Can be used in combination with lateral links to prevent flow circulation.

x x y x x x y x x y y
MIKE21 Grid

Zero Flow Link: Grid cells in a zero flow link have either the top face (Y) or right face (X) blocked. A blocking line in the grid can be defined using a pair of zero flow links (X and Y).

Zero Flow Links are IMPLICIT

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING OPTIONS

Side Structure Link (MIKE11/MIKE 21 MIKE 21 FM)
Interaction between a MIKE 11 side structure and overland flow. Explicit link Works in the same way as standard link Good for: - Dam break, embankment failure - Pumping or local spilling - etc

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING OPTIONS

Urban Links (MIKE URBAN/MIKE 21 MIKE 21 FM): 4 Types

Urban Network (pipe model)

- M21 to inlet
- M21 to outlet
- Weir to M21 - Pump to M21
Urban Link: Connection between one or more cells in MIKE21 and a node/manhole in MIKE URBAN/MOUSE

MIKE21 Grid

Urban Links are EXPLICIT

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD COUPLING OPTIONS

River Urban Link (MIKE 11/MIKE URBAN)
4 types of link to describe the interaction between river and sewer system: - MIKE 11 Water level Boundary - MIKE URBAN Outlet to MIKE 11 - MIKE URBAN Pump to MIKE 11 - MIKE URBAN Weir to MIKE 11

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

FM SERIES COUPLING

Standard Link

Lateral Link
Urban Link Structures in M21 directly Quadrangular and rectangular elements combined

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

Running MIKE FLOOD Recommended Steps

1- Define model layout (time, extent, projection, resolution...)
2- Setup and run MIKE 11/MIKE URBAN (calibrate and validate model) 3- Prepare the model bathymetry 4- Setup and run MIKE 21 5- Setup and run MIKE FLOOD (define links between the 2 or 3 models) 6- Present flood results

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

River Flood Animation: Boulder Creek (USA)

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

Urban Flood Animation

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

Levee Failure Animation - Malaysia

Introduction to MIKE FLOOD

LETS START WITH THE MIKE FLOOD TRAINING