Lens

By :
Aries Triwidajati Soenoko
SMP Negeri 2 Cileunyi
Basic Competence
Investigate the characteristic of
light and the relation with mirror
and lens
 Learning Objectives
After this lesson, student are able to :
2. Drawing of an image through a ruler
in the Lens
3. Mention the characteristics of an
image in the Lens
4. Calculate focus, object, image, and
magnification positions.
Lens
Lens ..……….....?
Lens is a portion of a
transparent refracting medium
bounded by two surfaces which
are generally spherical or
cylindrical or one curved and
one plane surface.  
the lenses are classified as  
1. convex lens or converging
lens  
2. concave or diverging lens  
 Convex Lens
Convex Lens is a lens which is thicker in
the middle and thinner at the edges
The convex lenses shape are classified as :

1. bi-convex or double convex  

2. convex - plane  
3. convex - concave  
The convex lenses shapes
 Concave Lens
Concave Lens is a lens which is
thinner at the middle and thicker at
The concave lenses shape are classified as :
the edges
1. bi-concave  
2. concave - plane
3. concave - convex  
The concave lenses shapes
Formation of Image by a Convex
Lens

A ray of light passing through the optical center of

the lens travels straight without suffering any
deviation. This holds good only in the case of a
An incident ray parallel to the
principal axis after refraction
passes through the focus.
An incident ray passing through the
focus of a lens emerge parallel to
the principal axis after refraction.
 Example Image is formed
When the Object is Placed Between F1 and O

1. Formed on the same side of the lens

2. virtual
3. erect
4. magnified
When the Object is placed
at 2F1

The image are:

2. formed at 2F2
3. real
4. inverted
5. same size as the object
The table below gives at a glance the position,
size and nature of the image formed by a convex
lens corresponding to the different positions of
Like in the mirror, an equation can also be
used to located the image and find its size in
the lens. The focal length (f) the distance of
the object from the lens (S0) and the distance
of the image from the lens (Si) are related by
the mirror equation :
The ratio of the size of the image (hi) to the
size of the object (h0) is called the
magnification (m). The magnification is related
to the distances to the mirror by equation :

If Si and S0 positive, the both m and hi are

negative. This means that the image is
inverted.
 Review
1. A concave mirror has a radius of curvature of
60 cm. Calculate the image position and
magnification of an object placed in front of the
mirror at distances of (a) 90 cm and (b) 20 cm.
(c) Draw ray diagrams to obtain the image in
each case.
2. Calculate the image position and magnification
for an object placed (a) 20 cm and (b) 60 cm in
front of a convex mirror of focal length 40 cm.
(c) Use ray diagrams to locate image
positions corresponding to the object
positions in (a) and (b).
Orang bisa karena biasa, orang
biasa karena dipaksa dan
karena dipaksa orang bisa

Good
21