Professional Documents
Culture Documents
K.Lavanya M.Tech
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Presented By
DEFINITION:
Its is an artificial support provided below and around
Qualities of formwork:
It should be water tight It should be strong It can be reusable Its contact surface should be uniform It should be according to the size of
member.
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Uses:
Formwork molds the concrete to the
desired shape and size, and controls its position and alignment.
It is used to transfer the temporary
external loads.
Economy
Quality:
Forms must be designed and built with sufficient stiffness and accuracy so that the size, shape, position, and finish of the cast concrete are maintained.
Safety:
Forms must be built sufficient strength and factor of safety so that they have the capable of all supporting loads.
Economy:
Requirements of formwork:
Material should be cheap and re usable, It should be practically water proof, so that it should not
absorb water
from concrete,
Swelling and shrinkage should be minimum, Strong enough to with stand all external loads, Deflection should be minimum, Surface should be smooth, and afford easy striping, Light in weight, so that easy to transfer, Joints should be stiff, so that lateral deformation and leak
is minimum .
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THREE STAGES:
a) Assembly and erection
b) Concrete placement c) Stripping and dismantling
TYPES OF FORMWORK:
Temporary Structure
strength
Permanent Structure
one side of formwork reinforcement is provided at the place then the second side formwork is provided.
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Wall forms:
Wall forms principally resist the lateral pressure
material.
The pressure can be quite large, certainly many times
supported members.
Snap ties, flat ties, loop ties are single use ties usually
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Wall forms:
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following Side & End Planks Yoke Nut & Bolts Two end & two side planks are joined by the yokes and bolts.
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Column forms:
Column-forms materials tend to vary with the column
shape.
Wood or steel is often used with square or rectangular
column.
Round column forms more typically pre manufactured in a
square, since the internal pressures can be resisted by the hoop membrane.
Round steel forms are generally used for larger columns
3mts..
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rests on head tree Slab form work rests on battens and joists If prop height are more than 8 provide horizontal braces.
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.
The cross- joists may be 5cm x 10cm size The riser planks are 4-5 cm thick and equal to
riser
planks
are
placed
after 22 the
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a) Jump form
b) Slip form
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Jump Form:
In this type jacking bars are either cast in
are designed.
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Slip Form:
The slip form method of concrete construction
concrete structures.
It often used for forming highway pavements
as continuous operation.
Slip form methods is also been used for
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Removal of formwork:
OPC
(Ordinary Portland Cement)
1 2
3
4
10 Days
8 Days
5 Days
5 Days
5
6
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14 Days
21 Days
5-8 Days
8-10 Days
Maintenance of formwork:
Due to continuous use wooden planks &
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Cost of formwork
For normal works cost of formwork is about 30%-40% of
It is non absorbent.
Smooth finish surface obtained.
LOADS ON FORMWORK:
Formwork is subjected to following loads:
a)
b) c) d)
e)
FORMWORK DESIGN
Guiding points in the Design of formwork
For design purpose, temporary live load due to labor
initial stages of pouring depends upon several factors such as amount of water, size of aggregates, rate of pouring
etc.,
The hydrostatic pressure is maximum at the time of
pouring, but after some time it starts decreasing, as concrete starts setting and hardening. This pressure is mainly dependent on the depth of concrete poured before it starts setting
Deflection of the sheathing and joists should be limited to a
Contd...
The minimum wind design pressure q not less
minimum
lateral
load w,
for
design
of
q .(h/2)
or
46 kg/ft
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Contd...
For design practice the maximum pressure is given by: p = wh Where, p => lateral pressure of concrete, w => unit weight of concrete, h => depth of fluid or plastic concrete.
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Contd...
For horizontal pressure of concrete is given by:
3m/hr;
p = 150+(43,400/T)+2800(R/T) For columns 3m/hr;
p = 150+9000(R/T)
Where, R => rate of vertical placement, T => time for placement.
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spacing)
Step 4: Determine stringer size and span (shore spacing) Step 5: Perform shore design to support stringers Step 6: Check bearing stresses
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