GSM

(Global System for Mobile communication)

by
Uke Kurniawan Usman
NGN and New Communication Services Short Course
Hotel Horison, Bandung, June 26-27 June, 2003
Telematics Research Group

Your problem solution

History GSM
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)
1 1982 "Group Special Mobile" is created within CEPT
2.1986 A Permanent Nucleus is set up
3.1987 Main radio transmission techniques are chosen, based on
prototype evaluation (1986)
4.1989 GSM becomes an ETSI technical committee
5.1990 The phase 1 GSM900 specification (drafted 1987 - 1990 ) are
frozen, DCS1800 adaptation start
6.1991 First system are running ( Telecom 91 exhibition,…) DCS1800
specification are frozen
7. 1992 All major European GSM900 operators begin commercial
operations
 SPESIFIKASI AIR INTERFACE

Band frekuensi : Uplink 890 MHz – 915 MHz

Downlink 935 MHz – 960 MHz
Duplex spacing : 45 MHz
Carrier spacing : 200 MHz
Modulasi : GMSK
Transmision Rate : 270 Kbps
Metode Akses : FDMA – TDMA
Basic Duplexing: FDD
Speech Coder : RPE LPC 13 Kbps
- Channel Coding
- Interleaving
- Frequency Hopping
- Adaptive equalization
Frequency used
 ALOKASI KANAL GSM UNTUK
OPERATOR DI INDONESIA

SATELINDO : 890 – 900 MHz (10 MHz)

TELKOMSEL : 900 – 907 MHz (7.5 MHz)

EXCELCOMINDO : 907.5 – 915 MHz (7.5 MHz)

 Short Message Service
 Short Message Services (SMS) adalah Teleservis GSM
 Dapat dikirimkan dengan size :
 160 karakter (SMS-PP)
 93 karakter (SMS-CB)
 SMS terpisah dengan voices services
 SMS dapat dikirimkan dari terima pada saat bicara

DEST MSISDN-B

Max 160 Karakter

 GSM Architecture

MSC/GMSC
BTS
BSC
Um

BTS Packet
BSC
Um network
PSTN
A

MSC-VLR
HLR/AuC SMS-GMSC
Gs Gr
Packet
SS7
network
Network EIR
Cell Planning (frequency reuse)
Omni Cell
Pattern
Cell Planning (frequency reuse)
4 site 3 cell Re-use Pattern
DualBand ( GSM900 + DCS1800 )
Umbrella Cell GSM900
Radio Coverage Layer 6

Macro Cell GSM900

Radio Coverage Layer 5

Macro Cell GSM1800

Radio Coverage Layer 4

Micro Cell GSM900

Radio Coverage Layer 3

Micro Cell GSM1800

Radio Coverage Layer 2

Pico Cell GSM1800

Radio Coverage
Layer 1
Konfigurasi DualBand System

Sistem dualband terpasang dengan

mengopersikan atau menambahkan
perangkat hardware cabinet BTS DCS
1800 pada sistem GSM 900 yang sudah DCS 1800 GSM900
ada. BTS BTS

Jaringan yang bekerja pada GSM900 dan

DCS 1800, dianggap sebagai suatu
jaringan dengan PLMN tunggal. Integrated
GSM900/DCS1800
OMC BTS
Implementasi jaringan dualband ini dapat
diterapkan dalam beberapa kombinasi
antara lain :
1. Satu BSC dengan satu jenis band BSC
2. Satu BSC dengan dua jenis band GSM900 DCS 1800 OMC
T BTS BTS
3. Satu BTS dengan dua jenis band MSC/HLR
Co-Sited BTS
 Hardware DualBand
Spesifikasi MSC DualBand :
MSC dapat mendukung
peralatan BSS dari vendor yang
berbeda untuk setiap band
frekuensi. Agar dualband
mampu bekerja dengan baik,
maka MSC perlu memiliki
kemampuan untuk menangani
elemen informasi classmark 3
(CM3 dikirim oleh MS dualband
ke MSC berisi informasi
kemampuan MS)
Spesifikasi MS Dualband &
Mekanisme Penanganan MS DualBand
Dalam Jaringan:
Suatu MS dapat beroperasi
pada jaringan dualband dengan cara
antara lain, MS hanya mendukung satu
band atau MS dapat mendukung lebih
dari satu band tapi hanya dapat
berfungsi pada satu band
 Mekanisme Dualband
Mekanisme penanganan MS dualband
tersebut dapat dijelaskan sebagai GSM900
berikut :
1.    MS akan dipegang oleh jaringan
DCS 1800 layer pada dua
kondisi idle mode dan dedicated SB900
DB
mode selama tersedia kanal dalam
cakupan radio DCS 1800 DCS1800
3

2. MS dapat ditangani dan

membangun panggilan pada sel 1 2 4
DCS 1800.
3. MS yang berada pada layer GSM DB
DB
900 dapat ditangani ke
layer bawah (DCS 1800) jika
memungkinkan.
4. MS yang berada pada layer DCS
1800 akan dipindahkan
pemegangan kanalnya ke layer atas
(GSM 900 ) jika hanya
diperlukan.
 GPRS Architecture
Topologi GPRS Network
BTS Packet
BSC
Um network
PSTN
A

MSC
HLR/AuC SMS-GMSC
Gb Gs Gr Gd
Gr Gd
Serving GPRS Packet Corporate 1
Support Node Gs SS7
network
(SGSN) Gn Network EIR Server
GPRS
Border INFRASTRUCTURE
Gateway (BG) Intra-PLMN MAP-F
Packet
Inter-PLMN backbone Gc
network network Router
Backbone Local
network Gp (IP based) Firewall area
Data
Packet network
Firewall network
network
Gn
(Internet)
Gateway GPRS Gi.IP Corporate 2
Support Node Server
(GGSN)

Router
Local
area
network
GPRS Network from the Internet

HOST
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .5 5
GPRS
SUBNETW ORK

SUBNETW ORK
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .X X X

" R o u te r "

SUBNETW ORK SUBNETW O RK

1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .X X X 1 3 1 .4 4 .1 5 .X X X

P acket C o r p o r a te 2
C o r p o r a te 1 D a ta
R o u te r
nn ee twt wo r ok r k R o u te r
( In te r n e t )

L ocal Local
HOST a re a a re a HOST
1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .2 1 n e tw o r k n e tw o r k 1 3 1 . 4 4 .1 5 .3
 Growth up
Evolusi Cellular
G2 G2.5 G3
High Speed General Enhances Universal
Global System for
Circuit- Packet Data Rate Mobile
Mobile
Switched Radio for Global Telecom.
Communication
Data Services Evolution System
(GSM)
(HSCSD) (GPRS) (EDGE) (UMTS)
14.4 – 56.7 kbps 115 kbps 384 kbps 2 Mbps

Code Division CDMA

Multiple Intermediate standards 2000
Access
(CDMA) W-CDMA

9.6 – 14.4 kbps 64 kbps 144 - 614 kbps 1.5 Mbps 2+ Mbps

Enhances Universal
Time Division
Data Rate Wireless
Multiple
for Global Comm.
Access
Evolution System
(TDMA)
(EDGE) (UWCS)
9.6 kbps 384 kbps 2 Mbps
MMS Network Elements
MMS CALL FLOW
 MMS Architectural Elements
Perangkat Arsitektur MMS
MMS User Message
Agent store
User Databases
e.g. profiles,
MMS subscription, HLR
Server
2G Mobile
Network A MMS
Relay MMS VAS
Applications

External Server

Internet /
IP Network

MMSE

3G Mobile
Network A

Mobile Wired EMail

Network B Client
MMS User
Agent

Roaming MMS
User Agent
 Multimedia Message
Service
Konsep MMS

Fixed Network

Cellular Network

Internet

MMSE
Cellular Network
 Protocol Framework
Protocol framework to provide MMS
MMS capable MM Service
UE / MS Environment

MMS MMS Relay/Server External

User Agent Server
MM1 MM1 MM3 Transfer MM3 Transfer
Transfer Transfer Protocol Protocol
Protocol Protocol
e.g. TCP / UDP e.g. TCP / UDP
Lower Layer Lower Layer Lower Layer Lower Layer
A A B B
MM1 MM3

protocol elements necessary in the terminal

protocol elements necessary in the MMSE

additional protocol elements necessary to include external servers

Interworking of different MMSEs

Interworking MMS
MMS User MMSE MMSE MMS User
Agent Service Provider A Service Provider B Agent
A B

Radio
Radio Network B
Network A

MMS SMTP MMS

Relay/ Relay/
Server A Server B
MM4
MM1
MM1
MMS Reference Architecture

MMS User HLR

Databases MMS VAS
Applications

MM6 MM5

MM7
MM1
MMS User MMS Relay/Server
Agent A
Relay Server
MM2

MM3

“Foreign” MM4
MMS
Relay/Server
External External External
Server #3
... External
Server #1 Server #2 Server #N
MM1
(e.g. E-Mail) (e.g. Fax) (e.g. UMS)
MMS User
Agent B
MMS interaction with 2G/3G Voice Mailbox based on VPIM

Contoh 1:

today’s real-time over-the-air

access of 2G/3G voice mailbox

SMTP
(VPIM
profile)
2G/3G Radio
Network

MMS 2G/3G
Relay/ voice
Server mailbox
MMS interaction with 2G/3G Voice Mailbox based on HTTP

Contoh 2:
today’s real-time over-the-air
access of 2G/3G voice mailbox

SMTP
(VPIM
profile)
HTTP
2G/3G Radio
Network

MMS 2G/3G
Relay/ voice
Server mailbox
MMS Interaction with Internet E-Mail messaging
Contoh 3:

SMTP
Forwarding Mail
Transfer Agent

MMS
Message
Relay/
Store
Server SMTP
or
POP3/
IMAP4

E-Mail
Server
MMS interaction with SMSC

Contoh 4:

3G TR 23.039
2G Radio
Network

MMS SMSC
Relay/
Server
MMS integration with UMS
Contoh 5 :

3G TR 23.039
SMSC 2G SMS
client

MMS UA UMS Server/ SMTP

Email server IMAP
HTTP PC/Web
SMTP
IMAP
T.30
VPIM/ H.323
MMS TIFF/ Phone call
Relay/ SMTP
Server H.323/T.37
Gateway
Unified Msg Store
(email, fax, vmail)
Compressed FAX
voice

Voice Mail Voice mail

Access Server store

Unified Messaging System

Protocol Framework applied to WAP implementation of MMS

Example for Applied to WAP

MMS
UI

MMS Messaging Application Framework MMS

App Svcs App Svcs

MMS MM1 Transfer Protocol Payload

Comm MMS Comm

Transfer WAP WSP HTTP

HTTP
Protocol

Interim Interim
TCP TCP
Layers Layers

Wireless Wireless
IP IP
Services Services

MMS WAP MMS

User Gateway Relay/Server
Agent
Protocol Framework applied to WAP implementation of MMS

Contoh 6:

Wireless Internet
Network /IP-network
WAP
MMS User Gateway MMS
Agent Relay/Server
Payload Payload
WSP HTTP
 Architectural example of IP Based Implementation
for 3GPP MMS
Contoh 7:
IP Based Implementation SMTP
POP3
IMAP4
HTTP
etc.
Intranet
(Enterprize)
SMTP, POP3, IMAP4, HTTP,
SMTP
etc.
POP3
IMAP4
HTTP
etc.

Internet

Terminal SMTP
POP3
IP Based MMS Relay/Server IMAP4
HTTP
Gateway etc.

E-mail
Server
Protocol Framework Definition for IP Based Implementation

in 3GPP MMS

Example for Applied to IP

MMS
UI

MMS Messaging Application Framework MMS

App Svcs App Svcs

MMS MM1 Transfer Protocol Payload

Comm MMS Comm

Transfer SMTP, POP3, IMAP4, HTTP, etc. SMTP, POP,

Protocol IMAP, HTTP

Wireless Wireless TCP TCP

Profiled TCP Profiled TCP

IP IP
IP IP
(Wireless) (Wireless)

MMS IP Based MMS

User Gateway Relay/Server
Agent
 Combined MMS-Relay/Server

Contoh 8:

Message
Store

MMS
Relay/Server
Non-combined MMS-Relay and MMS-Server

Contoh 9:

MMS
server
Message
Store

SMTP
or
POP3 / SMTP
IMAP4 or
or HTTP
HTTP

MMS
Relay
 MMS interaction with Facsimile Services based
on ITU-T.37
Contoh 10:

Message
Store

ITU-T.30
SMTP ITU-T.30 Fax

PSTN

MMS ITU-T.37
Relay/ Fax
Server Gateway
Why users with different MMSC
settings cannot communicate?
 Terima Kasih
Uke Kurniawan Usman
telematika@bdg.centrin.net.id
 What is GPRS ?

• General Packet Radio Service, new

technology on wireless data communication
that offers mobile data communication
service with a higher bit rate.
• The next step from air interface evolution
which for the first time ever based on
PACKET SWITCH
• “ Always-On” Connection
What can GPRS offer you ?

• An “Always-On” Packet Switch Service

• Maximum data speed up to 171,2 kbps
• Offer high QoS for the users and low Cost
for operators
• Billing alternatives
DATA RATES REQUIRED FOR
APPLICATIONS
Data Transfer Time GSM vs GPRS