NOUNS

PRESENTER: 1.LIEW MEE LENG (PISMP-SEM1)

VIDEO (NOUNS)

DEFINITION OF NOUNS.

A noun is the name of a person, place, or thing.

HOW TO REMEMBER NOUNS??

DIFFERENT TYPE OF NOUNS

Can you think anymore

DIFFERENT TYPES OF NOUNS

Common nouns
Uncountable nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns
Countable nouns

Compound nouns

Abstract nouns

Collective nouns

NOUNS

COMMON NOUN

PROPER NOUN

COMMON NOUN
Common

noun is the name of a group of similar things. general Things that we can see,hear,smell ,touch or feel. Exampletable , book , window

PROPER NOUN
Refer to the name of a single person, place or thing . (Specific) ExampleNicholas , London, Puma

COMMON NOUN &PROPER NOUN

(TUNE IF YOUR HAPPY AND YOU KNOW IT)

A NOUN IS A PERSON,PLACE OR THING. A NOUN IS A PERSON,PLACE OR THING. A COMMON NOUN IS GENERAL. AND A PROPER NOUNS SPECIFIC. A NOUN IS A PERSON,PLACE OR THING.

EXAMPLE
Common noun
cat

Proper noun
Cinderella King Kong London Melissa

Elephant
Book library

COMPOUND NOUNS

A compound noun is a noun that is made up of two other words.

sunshine

1.Seashells 2.Starfish

COLLECTIVE NOUNS

A collective noun is a noun that refers to a group of people,animals or things.

Crowd of people

Flock of geese

ABSTRACT NOUNS

Abstract nouns refer to an idea ,state ,or quality.

Peace at last

The lion wanted courage.

COUNTABLE NOUNS
Things that can become plural. We can count the thing we need. Example:

pencils

Roses

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Things that can't become plural.

water

salt

EXERCISES :
Different Type of nouns Common nouns Proper nouns Compound nouns Collective nouns Abstract nouns Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Example 1

Example 2
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

bags CHAN sunflower sugar suitcase a group of people Salt peace dog NIKE a team of student radio Courage books

PRONOUNS
A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. We use pronouns like "he," "which," "none," and "you" to make the sentences less cumbersome and less repetitive.

Personal Quantit ative Demonstrative

Relative

KINDS OF PRONOUNS

Reflexiv e/ Intensiv e

Interrogativ e

Indefinit e

PERSONAL PRONOUNS HAVE THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: 1)three persons (points of view)

1st person - the one(s) speaking (I me my mine we us our ours) 2nd person - the one(s) spoken to (you your yours)

3rd person - the one(s) spoken about (he him his she her hers it its they their theirs)

EXAMPLES:

2. THREE GENDERS
feminine

(she her hers)

masculine

(he him his)

neuter

(it its they them their theirs)

EXAMPLES:

3. TWO NUMBERS
singular

(I me my mine you your yours he him his she her hers it its)
plural

(we us our ours you your yours they them their theirs)

EXAMPLES:

4. THREE CASES
subjective (I you he she it we they)

possessive (mine yours hers ours theirs)

objective (me you him her it us them)

EXAMPLES - SUBJECTIVE CASE

EXAMPLES - POSSESSIVE CASE

EXAMPLES - OBJECTIVE CASE

B.

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS:

Demonstrative pronouns can also be used as determiners. Example: Hand me that hammer. (that describes the noun hammer) Demonstrative pronouns can also be used as qualifiers: Example: She wanted that much money? (that describes the adjective much)

C. REFLEXIVE / INTENSIVE PRONOUNS : (THE "SELF" PRONOUNS)

These pronouns can be used only to reflect or intensify a word already there in the sentence. Reflexive / intensive pronouns CANNOT REPLACE personal pronouns.

EXAMPLES:

I saw myself in the mirror. (Myself is a reflexive pronoun, reflecting the pronoun I.) Ill do it myself. (Myself is an intensive /emphatic pronoun, intensifying the pronoun I.)

Note: The following words are substandard and should not be used: theirselves theirself hisself ourself

D. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS: (SINGULAR)

one each (n)either someone somebody something anyone anybody anything no one nobody nothing everyone everybody everything

Examples: Somebody is coming to dinner. Neither of us believes a word Harry says.

PLURAL:

Examples:

Both are expected at the airport at the same time. Several have suggested canceling the meeting.

SINGULAR WITH NON-COUNTABLES / PLURAL WITH COUNTABLES:

Examples:
Some

of the dirt has become a permanent part of the rug. of the trees have been weakened by the storm.

Some

E. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS:

Interrogative pronouns produce information questions that require more than a yes or no answer. Examples: What do you want? Who is there?

F. RELATIVE PRONOUNS:

Relative pronouns introduce relative (adjectival) clauses.

Note: Use who, whom, and whose to refer to people. Use that and which to refer to things.

QUANTITATIVE PRONOUNS
Countable
A few Many

Uncountable
A Little Much A lot of

are

all quantitative pronouns which go BEFORE NOUNS.

EXAMPLES:
There is a lot of food in the fridge, so you don't have to buy much more. (uncountable) A lot of people believe in UFO's. (countable)

There is a little money in this box, so don't worry much. 'Quite a few students were left without a seat'. Many people in the party praised

EXERCISE:
..\Documents\Exercise of Pronouns.mp4

WHAT ARE ADJECTIVES?

Adjectives are defined as words that describe nouns or pronouns. When they describe nouns or pronouns, adjectives typically answer the following questions: What kind? Which one? How many?

For example, in the phrase

Tall is an adjective describing the noun man. Tall answers the question "which man?" or "what kind of man?"

Easy is an adjective describing the noun assignment. Easy answers the question, "what kind of assignment?"

There are two kinds of adjectives:

Descriptive Adjectives

ADJECTIVES

Limiting Adjectives

DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVES

A word which describes something through by some sensory image

DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVES

Example :
Red noise

soft

tasty

PROPER ADJECTIVES
One type of descriptive adjective. Proper adjectives are come from proper nouns. Proper adjectives sometimes are formed by adding a suffix to the proper noun.

PROPER ADJECTIVES
Example :
Proper Noun

Proper Adjective

America

American French Chinese

France China

PROPER ADJECTIVES
Sometime proper nouns dont change in form at all when they become proper adjectives. President Kennedy was a good leader.
(President Kennedy is a person)

The Kennedy Library is very large.

(Kennedy is describing the library)

LIMITING ADJECTIVES
Limiting adjectives point out nouns.
Article

Possessives

Limiting Adjectives

Demonstratives

Indefinites

Interrogatives

ARTICLES ADJECTIVES

a an the

Indefinite article

(Do not point nouns out as specifically)

Definite article

(points out nouns more specifically)

ARTICLES ADJECTIVES

a an the

can only be used before singular nouns. Example : a book, an elephant Can be used before both singular and plural nouns. Example : the cat, the houses

ARTICLES ADJECTIVES

must be used before consonant sounds. Example : a duck, a bag

an

must be used before a vowel sounds. Example : an umbrella, an excuse

the

can be used before both vowels and consonants. Example : the ant, the car

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Possessive adjectives show ownership of a noun. These words are the same as the possessive pronouns.

Subject Pronouns Possessiv e Adjectives

you he she

it
its

we
our

they
their

my your his her

Possessive Adjectives
Examples:
1.

Why didn't you clean your room?

(your modifies the noun room)

2.

Mary doesn't like her dress.

(her modifies the noun dress)

3.

The chameleon can change its color.

(its modifies the noun color)

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES
Demonstrative adjectives point out a noun. They are the same words as the demonstrative pronouns.

There are four demonstrative

this that these those

Demonstrative Adjectives
Examples: 1. This apartment needs to be fumigated. 2. Even though my friend preferred those plates, I bought these. 3. When the librarian tripped over that cord, she dropped a pile of books.

INDEFINITE ADJECTIVES
Indefinite adjectives point out nouns. They often tell how many or how much of something.

all few one

any little other

anothe r many some

both more

each most

either much

INDEFINITE ADJECTIVES
Examples : 1. Many people believe that corporations are under-taxed. 2. I will send you any mail that arrives after you have moved to Singapore 3. They found a few goldfish floating belly up in the aquarium.

INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVES
Interrogative adjectives are used to ask questions. Three of them were also interrogative pronouns:

which
what whose

INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVES
Examples : 1. Which plants should be watered twice a week? 2. What book are you reading?

Read the paragraph. Underline all of the Descriptive Adjectives.

One sunny day, my little puppy jumped onto our red couch and played with his new toy. I liked to watch him play and it made me feel happy. Soon, my playful puppy yawned. He was a tired puppy. I picked him up and laid him on his soft, round bed. Soon, my sleepy puppy was snoring away.