Born :May 12, 1914, Dallas, Texas, USA Diploma : Knoxville General Hospital School of Nursing(1936) Graduation in Public

Health Nursing : George Peabody College, TN, 1937 MA :Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, 1945 MPH :Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1952 Doctorate in nursing :Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 1954 Fellowship: American academy of nursing Position: Professor Emerita, Division of Nursing, New York University, Consultant, Speaker Died : March 13 , 1994

Theoretical basis of nursing (Rogers 1970) Nursing science and art :a prospective (Rogers 1988) Nursing :science of unitary, irreducible, human beings update (Rogers 1990) Vision of space based nursing (Rogers 1990)

According to Rogers, Nursing is both a science and an art. The uniqueness of nursing, like that of any other science, lies in the phenomenon central to its focus. Rogers theorized that nurse's long concern with the people and the world they live is in a natural forerunner of an organized abstract system encompassing people and their environments. She described the irreducible nature of individuals as being different from the sum of their parts. She theorized that the identity of nursing as a science arises from the integrality of people and the environment that coordinates with a multidimensional universe of open systems. The purpose of nurses, then, is to promote health and wellbeing for all persons. Rogers' model provides the way of viewing the unitary human being. Humans are viewed as integral with the universe: the unitary human being and the environment are one, not dichotomous. Nursing, therefore, focuses on people and the manifestations that emerge from the mutual human/environmental field process.

Energy field The energy field is the fundamental unit of both the living and nonliving This energy field "provide a way to perceive people and environment as irreducible wholes" The energy fields continuously varies in intensity, density, and extent.

Openness Pattern

The human field and the environmental field are constantly exchanging their energy There are no boundaries or barrier that inhibit energy flow between fields Pattern is defined as the distinguishing characteristic of an energy field perceived as a single waves "pattern is an abstraction and it gives identity to the field"

Pan dimensionality

Pan dimensionality is defined as "non linear domain without spatial or temporal attributes" The parameters that human use in language to describe events are arbitrary. The present is relative, there is no temporal ordering of lives.

A unitary human being is an "irreducible, indivisible, pan dimensional (fourdimensional) energy field identified by pattern and manifesting characteristics that are specific to the whole and which cannot be predicted from knowledge of the parts" and "a unified whole having its own distinctive characteristics which cannot be perceived by looking at, describing, or summarizing the parts"

"an expression of the life process; they are the "characteristics and behavior emerging out of the mutual, simultaneous interaction of the human and environmental fields" Health and illness are the part of the sane continuum. The multiple events taking place along life's axis denote the extent to which man is achieving his maximum health potential and very in their expressions from greatest health to those conditions which are incompatible with the maintaining life process

The environment is an "irreducible, pan dimensional energy field identified by pattern and integral with the human field" The field coexist and are integral. Manifestation emerge from this field and are perceived.

Two dimensions Independent science of nursing

Nursing exists to serve people. It is the direct and overriding responsibility to the society The safe practice of nursing depends on the nature and amount of scientific nursing knowledge the individual brings to practice.the imaginative, intellectual judgment with which such knowledge is made in service to the man kind.

An organized body of knowledge which is specific to nursing is arrived at by scientific research and logical analysis Art of nursing practice: The creative use of science for the betterment of the human The creative use of its knowledge is the art of its practice