Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

presented by Anand Saurav

S-7

RFID SYSTEM
It mainly consists of following parts: RFID tags

A means of reading tags

A means of communicating the data to host computer A means for centering or programming data into tags

Antennas for communicating b/w tags & the reader

Block diagram of RFID

ANTENNA READER RF MODULE

CONTROL MODULE

HOST COMPUTER
TRANSPONDER (TAG)

Classification of tags:Active tags: powered by internal battery Read/ Write devices Finite life time Greater size & costly Passive tags: workable power is derived from field generated by reader lighter Greater life time Short read ranges

Classification of tags on the basis of use

Read only 2. WORM (Write One Read Many) 3. R/W (Read /Write)
1.

Tag Memory Space:Identifier Portable data file

Memory Space 128 bit512bit64 KB-

Use -User programmable. Space only for identifier -User programmable. Serial no. package content etc. -User programmable. Organize data in pages which may be selectively interrogated

Reader
To provide the means of communicating with the tag & facilitating data transfer signal conditioning, parity error checking, correction

Transponder
Transponder = TRANSmitter + resPONDER The tag responds to a transmitted or communicated request for the data it carries. Transponder memory:- (type & use of device)
Read-only memory (ROM) Random Access Memory (RAM)

Non volatile programmable memory

Range & Power levels

Range depends on: The power available at the reader/interrogator to communicate with the tags.
The power available within the tag to respond.

The environmental conditions & structures.

System performance
Reading distance: Transponder type Electromagnetic noise Transponder orientation Antenna type

32mm glass transponder can be read with a stationary

reader & gate antenna from distance of about 1m.

Data accuracy: A 16- bit cyclic redundancy check algorithm is used to insure that only valid data is sent from the reader to its associated controller Antenna Selection: The one giving larger read ranges is selected Transponder orientation: An optimal orientation of antenna with transponder gives maximum range.
Reading speed

Reader introgration
Hands up polling

-command response
Hands down polling

ADVANTAGES OF RFID OVER BAR CODE

Application
RFID tags provide more accurate identification & greater

accountability as well as improved handling USE:1. Transportation 2. Manufacturing & processing 3. Security 4. To keep an inventory 5. Theft detection 6. Passports embedded with trimetric into 7. Luggage handling in airport

Managing livestock
Track animals keeps record of vaccination Helpful in keeping diseased animals in isolation keeps record of diet

Bookstore
Keeps record of books sold

helpful in keeping tab on books Prevents theft

Helpful in managing selling price ,discount on books

Advantages
1. 2.

3. 4.

5.

Permits no line of right evading Robust & reliable under difficult environmental conditions these tags can be read through water snow etc. Can be read at high speeds. Difficulty in duplicating Available in wide variety

Disadvantages
1. Cost costlier than bar codes
2. lack of standisation 3. Privacy

REFERENCES
[1] [2] Jay Warrior, Eric McHenry, Kenneth McGee, They know where you are, IEEE Spectrum, July 2003, pp.21-25 Ankit Khare, RFID challenges barcoding, PC Quest, April 2003, pp.46 Andy Emmerson, Tiny tags talk volumes, Everyday Practical Electronics, May 2001, pp.322 Uma Gupta, RFID and beyond, Electronics For You, October 2003, pp.36-40. Ulrich Kaiser, Wolfgang Steinhagen, A low-power transponder IC for high- performance identification systems. IEEE Journal Of Solid-State Circuits.Vol.30, March 1995, pp306-310

[3]
[4]

[5]

Thank You