Introduction to the BioSand Filter

9/6/2013 1

Introduction to BioSand Filter

Water Cycle Global and Local Water Issues HHWT BSFs Purpose Whats it made of How it works

9/6/2013

9/6/2013

 Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report

Forecast
Experts predict that by 2025, 1/3 of the world population will not have water due to the increase in population and water contamination.

9/6/2013

Philippines Water Situation

WATER AVAILABLE
Surface Water 883
million meters3/day

WATER USED
(million cubic meters per day) Agriculture 402 (76%) Industrial 83 (16%) Domestic 22 (8%) TOTAL 507
6

Ground Water 142

million meters3/day

TOTAL

1025

9/6/2013

12 Million People In the Philippines have no access to Safe Water

DISCUSSION
What Water Issues are there in your community.
Quantity Quality

What Water Treatments are currently used

9/6/2013 7

Household Water Treatments

Boiling (cost, time, quantity) SODIS (time, quantity, sunlight, containers) Chlorination (cost, taste, availability) Ceramic Filter (cost, quantity, safety) Sedimentation (time, effectiveness) Other Filters (replacement of filtering media, costs, durability, quantity, maintenance)

9/6/2013

Bio-Sand Filters Purpose

Filters out very small suspended particles.
This includes micro-organisms that make us sick
Bacteria 90 to 100% Virus 90 to 100% Protozoa 95 to 100% Helmiths 100% Lowers contamination level to where the body can tolerate

Removes Iron 67% to 95% Adaptation can remove Arsenic 85% to 95% Removes other suspended particles, sand mud, leaves etc, ie. Muddy water becomes clear
9/6/2013 9

Bio-Sand Filters Purpose

Does not remove:
Dissolved solids such as salt from sea-water All organic chemicals

Designed for Household use. Up to 200 liters per day, sufficient for family to use for drinking, food preparation and bathing. For communal systems the alternative is to design large slow sand filters or more complex rapid sand filters. Including labor and overhead a livelihood organization can produce these filters at about 1000p to 1500P each. Once installed there are no ongoing costs. Sand is never replaced or changed. Minimal maintenance work require. Just has to be used once a day.
9/6/2013 10

Whats it made of?

Wooden Lid

Diffusion Plate

Concrete Exterior

Tubing Sand Bed Large Gravel

11

Fine Gravel

9/6/2013

Whats it made of?

Wooden Lid

Vital Statistics
Maximum Flow Rate 1 liter per minute 2 Large Gravel (approx 3 liters) 2 Fine Gravel (approx 3 liters) Standing Water level 2 above sand

Diffusion Plate

Concrete Exterior

Tubing Sand Bed Large Gravel

12

Fine Gravel

9/6/2013

How does it work?

4 Processes of Filtration

1. Mechanical
Trapping

2. Adsorption
3. Predation 4. Natural Die Off
9/6/2013 13

How does it happen?

1. Water is poured into the top of the Filter.

9/6/2013

14

How does it happen?

2. The Diffusion Plate slows the force of the water.
Diffusion Plate

9/6/2013

15

How does it happen?

3. Water then travels slowly into the biological layer at the top of the sand.
Biological Layer

9/6/2013

16

How does it happen?

4. Water continues slowly through the sand bed.

Sand Bed

9/6/2013

17

How does it happen?

5. After passing through both levels of gravel, the water is propelled up and out.

Fine Gravel

Large Gravel
18

9/6/2013

Kevin Lee Executive Director Lostkiwi111@yahoo.com 0926.648.6420 WEBSITE www.asingledrop.org

9/6/2013

Gemma Bulos Founder Gemma@asingledrop.org 0920.840.0945

19