FIBER OPTIC SENSORS

SCOPE

OPTICAL SENSOR MEASURANDS

BASICS
CONSTRUCTION CLASSIFICATION APPLICATIONS

OPTICAL SENSOR MEASURANDS

ROTATION, ACCELERATION ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

ACOUSTICS AND VIBRATION

STRAIN, HUMIDITY, AND VISCOSITY

BASICS

WHY OPTICAL SENSORS?

ELECTROMAGNETIC IMMUNITY ELECTRICAL ISOLATION COMPACT AND LIGHT

WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE

AMENABLE TO MULTIPLEXING

BASICS

Basic Structure

n (clad)
n (core) Waveguide axis

BASICS
Beam conditioning optics

Modulator

Light source

Transducer

Detector

BASICS
BASIC COMPONENTS:

OPTICAL FIBER LIGHT SOURCES BEAM CONDITIONING OPTICS MODULATORS DETECTORS

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
LIGHT BEAM CHANGES BY THE PHENOMENA THAT IS BEING MEASURED
LIGHT MAY CHANGE IN ITS FIVE OPTICAL PROPERTIES i.e INTENSITY, PHASE, POLARIZATION,WAVELENGTH AND SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION

CLASSIFICATION

EXTRINSIC SENSORS
LIGHT LEAVES THE FIBER TO BE CHANGED BEFORE IT CONTINUES TO THE DETECTOR LIGHT DOES NOT LEAVE THE FIBER BUT IS CHANGED WHILST IN THE FIBER

INTRINSIC SENSORS

EXTRINSIC

APPLICATIONS- TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE,LIQUID LEVEL AND FLOW

LESS SENSITIVE
EASILY MULTIPLEXED INGRESS/ EGRESS CONNECTION PROBLEMS EASIER TO USE LESS EXPENSIVE

INTRINSIC

APPLICATIONS- ROTATION, ACCELERATION, STRAIN, ACOUSTIC PRESSURE AND VIBRATION

MORE SENSITIVE
TOUGHER TO MULTIPLEX REDUCES CONNECTION PROBLEMS MORE ELABORATE SIGNAL DEMODULATION MORE EXPENSIVE

APPLICATIONS

APPLICATION TO LARGE COMPOSITE AND CONCRETE STRUCTURES

A much less intrusive size for embedding into composites Greater resistance to corrosion when used in open structures, such as bridges and dams Quality control during construction, health monitoring after building, impact monitoring of large composite or concrete structures

APPLICATION

APPLICATION IN ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY

An excessive mechanical load on electrical power transmission lines, which may be caused by heavy snow for example, may lead to a serious accident. The load change is simply converted into strain via a metal plate attached to the line and onto which the sensor is bonded

APPLICATION
Knowledge of the local temperature distribution present in high-voltage, high-power equipment Defective or degraded equipment can be detected by continuously monitoring the variations in the winding temperature, which reflects the performance of the cooling system

APPLICATION

APPLICATION IN MEDICINE
Sensors are all point sensors that can only provide readings over a small volume in the human body The sensor can also be used for the measurement of the hearts efficiency

By combining temperature readings with pulse rate, doctors can determine how much blood the heart pumps
Detection of Cataract by simply monitoring the backscattered light intensity from the lens of the eye

APPLICATION

APPLICATION IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

Sensors can be used to measure temperature and pressure in a gas pipeline and monitor health of pipeline

REFERENCES

Presentation on Optical Sensors And Their Applications by Gaurav Puri

Fiber Optic Sensors @ Wikipedi

An Introduction to Fiber Optic Sensors by Eric Udd, Blue Road Research

THANK YOU......