STAIN REMOVAL/REPELLENCY

SHAILENDRA TIWARI SURYA PRATAP WATAN CHUGH DFT SEM 4

REPELLENT FINISHES
Finishes that repel water, oil, dry dirt, are important parts of textile market.

Water repellency is achieved using different product groups.

Oil repellency is attained only with fluorocarbon polymers.

REPELLENT FINISHES
The oldest repellant finish is to repel water. Apart from desired repellency finish other undesirable effects are also found with such finishes. These include: Static electricity Stiffer Fabric hand Lack of air and vapor Permeability Increased Inflammability Durapress finish etc.

REPELLANCY PRINCIPLE
Adhesive energy.

Cohesive energy.
Wet-ability depends on the interaction of above mentioned forces at the fabric and liquid surface interaction. Surfaces that exhibit low interactions with liquids are called low energy surfaces.

CHEMICAL REACTION E.G. FATTY ACIDS AND RESINS

MODES OF APPLICATION

MECHANICAL E.G. PARAFFIN EMULSION

FILM FORMATION E.G. SILICONES AND FLOUROCARBON PRODUCT

TYPES OF FINISHES

OIL REPELLENCY

STAIN REPELLENCY FINISHES

WATER REPELLENCY

SOIL RELEASE

WATER REPELLENT FINISHING

waterproof and water-repellent fabrics, materials treated with various substances so as to make them impervious to water. Permanent waterproofing is achieved by first coating fabrics with rubber or plasticized synthetic resins, then vulcanizing or baking them. Fabrics so treated lose porosity and lightness and when rubberized are subject to cracking.

 Water-repellent fabrics, sprayed with or immersed in synthetic resins, metallic compounds, oils, or waxes, tend to remain porous and to retain their natural characteristics. Earlier treatments, such as tarring the surface (as for tarpaulin) or oiling (as for oilskin), have been supplemented by highly technical and varied processes and by the method of coating the fibres prior to cloth construction. Some woollen fabrics, especially Navajo blankets and tweeds and other napped textiles, are naturally water repellent. A water repellent finish should withstand hydrostatic pressure exerted by a column of water from at least 1 meter height before it wets the fabric.

Oil Repellency
Both Oil and water repellency have same principle involved. Depends on free surface energy. Only Fluorocarbon (FCP) are the only class of chemicals, which impart both water and oil repellence.

FCP
Fluorocarbon polymers are special class of polymers and represent an indispensable part of the technology of water and oil repellent finishing and contain Carbon and Fluorine bonds. The relatively low reactivity and high polarity of the carbon- fluorine imparts unique characteristics to fluorocarbon polymers. A fluropolymer sheath around the fibres strongly reduces the textiles surface free energy, accompanied by the increase of the contact angle of liquids on its surface. FCP are applied by the normal pad dry- cure technique.

SAMPLE TREATED WITH FCP

Soil Release
Soiling generally means smearing or staining of a large surface of the fabric with dust or dirt and oil or grease or both. Soil Repellent finishes should protect the fabric from both dry and wet soils. Fabrics treated with soil release finishes are particularly suited to active wear and leisure wear. Natural fibres and synthetic fibres both attract dirt and get soiled but synthetic fibres attract soil to a grater extent than natural fibres apart from this, they do not release soil easily during washing. Due to absorption and retention of soil, the whiteness and brightness of a fabric is spoiled and it appears yellowish and dirty.

Mechanical adhesion of soil to the cloth

Mechanism of soiling

Redeposition of soil during washing

Adhesion by electrical forces

A soil release finish does not prevent soil from entering the fabric but it simply allows it to leave faster.

It removes soil from the fabric and transfers it to the detergent; it protects the fibre from attack by soiling matter; it prevents redeposition of soil which has been dissolved or dispersed and lastly it prevents dust from being attracted and held by electrical charges on the fabric surface. There are two types of soil release treatments available 1. Oleo phobic treatments 2. Treatment with hydrophilic substances

 FINISHING AGENTS USED

FLUOROCARBONS FLUOROCHEMICALS PYRIDINUM COMPOUNDS RESINS SILICONE WAX AND ITS DERIVATIVES Stain resistant fabric technology provides permanent stain repellence and stain release properties. Not only does this fabric repel stains, but it also releases the dirt and oils that cause stains. It helps garments stay cleaner, longer.

THANK YOUU !!