Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Topics to be discussed
Normal physiologic tooth contours Hazards of faulty reproduction of physio
anatomical features of teeth in restoration Variations in shapes of teeth Procedures for proper formulation of contacts and contours
physiologic contours which permit proper stimulation & provide protection for their investing & supporting tissues. Characteristic variations in the location of general height of contours are: A. In gingival third area of all ANTERIOR TEETH.
C. In GINGIVAL THIRD area most prominent on buccal surfaces & middle third area on lingual surfaces of mandibular posterior teeth. Most prominent on buccal.
Cervical ridge:If the cervical convexity of a crown and the normal tissue relationship are lost, the height of convexity of a restoration must re-establish the original physiologic relationship of the crown contours to the free gingiva and to the gingival attachment.
A. proper relationship
C. Gingival
D. lingual
LINGUAL EMBRASURE
Correct
incorrect
Essential for:Balance of teeth in arch Prevention of food impaction proximally Protection of periodontium Prevention of recurrent & contact decay Helping in efficient mastication
Contact areas:Contact relationships of posterior teeth. A. Point or marble-like contact areas present at time of eruption.
A A
resulting from excessive wear. C. Typical contact areas resulting from the usual amount of wear observed in a patient of middle age.
anterior:-
CENTRAL
CENTRAL
LATERAL
LATERAL
CUSPID FIRST BICUSPID Contact and embrasure relationship of lateral incisors and cuspids labial view.
Contact and embrasure relationships of maxillary cuspids and first bicuspid teeth - buccal view.
Incisal view
Contact and embrasure relationships of maxillary cuspids and maxillary posterior teeth - occlusal view.
FIRST BICUSPID
SECOND BICUSPID
FIRST MOLAR
Contact and embrasure relationships of the first and second bicuspids and first molar teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view
FIRST MOLAR
SECOND MOLAR
THIRD MOLAR
Contact and embrasure relationships between the first, second, and third molar teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view.
Contact and embrasure relationships between the mandibular incisors and cuspid teeth - incisal view
between the mandibular cuspids and first bicuspid teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view.
FIRST BlCUSPlD
Contact and embrasure relotionships between mandibular first and second bicuspids and first molar teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view.
Second bicuspid
First molar
Second molar
Third molar
Contact & embrasure relationships between mandibular first second and third molar teeth - buccal view.
Occlusal view
Narrow contact
A. Too bucally
B. Lingually
C. Gingivally
Contact configuration:-
area
embrasure:-
height:-
fossa
buccolingual direction:-
Tapering
Square/box
Ovoid/ barrel
contact
tapering
square
Ovoid
1.Between incisors
Contact starts at the incisal ridge incisaly & a little towards the labial, labio-lingualy
1.Slightly lingual to incisal ridge labio-lingually 2.Mesial contacts start at of the crown incisogingivally. 3.Distal contacts start 1/3 to of the crown incisogingivally
contact
tapering
1.Mesal contact at incisal ridge 2.Distal contact near the middle 3.Very angular
square
1.Close to incisal ridges incisally 2.In line with them labiolingually
ovoid
The same as square type
2.canine
3.bicuspids
1.Buccal periphery almost at buccal axial angle(buccal 3rd) of tooth. 2.Occlusal periphery at junction of occlusal & middle 3rd. 3.Contact deviated bucally 4.Cusps form -1/3 of crown
1.Buccal periphery more towards buccal axial angle 2.Occlusal periphery at occlusal 3rd. 3.Short cusps.
Convexity of MR carries occlsal periphery towards middle 3rd.2.buccal periphery at junction of buccal and middle third.
contact
tapering.
Square
Ovoid
1.Buccal periphery almost at the buccal axial angle of tooth. 2.o-periphery at junction of occlusal and middle third of crown 3.Large cusps 1.B-periphery at middle 3rd. 2.O-periphery at middle third 3.Distal contact of 1st molar is variable due to position of distal cusps
Same as bicuspids.
More lingually deviated than the mesial but to the extent of tapering teeth.
contact
tapering
Square
Ovoid
embrasures
1.Wide variations 2.Incisal and labial are negligible 3.Gingival and lingual between anterior teeth are widest and longest in mouth 4.buccal are small 5.Lingual are long, with medium width. 6.Gingival between posterior teeth are broad and long
1.incisal,lingual,occlusal and buccal embrasures are nil 2.Gingival almost not noticeable; if found, v.narrow and flat. 3.Lingual are v.narrow (may be slit) and long.
1.incisal,labial,buccal and occlusal are wider and deeper than the others 2.Gingival and lingual are short and broad.
Tooth movement
2. Matricing
Tooth movement:The act of either separating the involved teeth from each other, bringing them closer to each other, and/or changing their spatial position in one or more dimensions.
their indicated physiological position for proper reproduction of proximal surfaces in restorative materials. To close space between teeth not amenable to closure by the contemplated restoration. To move teeth to a position most physiologically acceptable by periodontium. Extrusion or intrusion of teeth making them restorable.
traumatically functional position to a physiologically functional one. Moving teeth to an aesthetically pleasing position To increase dimensions of available tooth structure for resistance and retention forms of restoration. Creating sufficient space for matrix band interproximaly Easy access to proximal surface for cavity preparation Detection of proximal caries Facilitate polishing of restorations proximal surface Remove foreign bodies impacted proximally
Slow or delayed
Rapid or immediate
Mechanical type of
separation that creates either proximal separation at the point of separators introduction and/or improved closeness of proximal surface opposite the point of separators introduction
Indications: Preparatory to slow tooth movement Maintain space gained by slow tooth movement
Methods:-
Wedge method:Separation accomplished by insertion of a pointed wedge shaped device between the teeth, in order to create separation at that point or closure on the opposite proximal side of involved teeth. a. Elliot Separator
Functions of wedges
Assure close adaptibility of the matrix and to the tooth
embrasure Define gingival extent of contact area, facial & lingual embrasures Create space to compensate matrix band Temporary hemostasis Immobilization of matrix band Protect interproximal gingiva from unexpected trauma
Amalgam condensation requires high packing forces if it is going to be adequate. These forces will always push amalgam beyond the matrix unless it is wedged, causing overhangs. Overhangs will often result in periodontal disease(+ bone loss),and caries.
towards the contact area, leaving a poor contour. This results in food packing and plaque accumulation.
Wooden wedges Resin wedges. C. Nail of thumb or first finger: For instantaneous use e.g planning the axial wall,
Traction method:mechanical devices, engage in proximal surfaces of teeth to be separated by means of holding arms.
a. Non-interfering true separator:Provides continuous stabilized separation during operation Separation can be increased or decreased
B. Ferrier
double bow separator: Separation stabilized throughout operation Separation shared by contacting teeth & not at the expense of one tooth
repositioning of teeth in a physiologic manner Methods:separating wires Over sized temporaries Orthodontic appliances