CHEM-342 Jigsaw Group Assignment

Construct a Concept Map that summarizes the significance of the articles you are studying and can be useful to the rest of the class.

What does it mean when you say, I understand?.... Does it mean the same thing to you that it does to another student or to the professor?..

How can you demonstrate you understanding to others?

Concept Mapping
What is a concept map? What are the features of a concept map? How do you construct a concept map?

What is a Concept Map?

A Concept Map Includes: Nodes (terms or concepts) Linking lines (usually with a unidirectional arrow) Linking phrases Propositions
needs a

laptop
Linking Phrase Linking Phrase

charge
Linking Phrase Linking Phrase Linking Phrase

Linking Phrase

Short Assignment Arrange the following three terms and connect them with arrows and linking phrases
Bacteria Pneumonia Antibiotics

A Mini Concept Map

Caused by

Pneumonia

Bacteria

Antibiotics

Variations on a Theme
Pneumonia
Caused by

Bacteria

Antibiotics

Antibiotics

Bacteria

Can cause

Pneumonia
Can cause

By reversing the arrows, changing the linking words, and adding color, the focus and emphasis changes.

Bacteria

Pneumonia

Antibiotics

Concept Map Showing Key Concepts in Concept Mapping

CONCEPT MAPS
WORDS

Can SYMBOLS

be

CONCEPT LABELS
for CONCEPTS

LINKING WORDS

HIERARCHY
To form from MOST GENERAL are

is

CONTEXT DEPENDENT

PROPOSITIONS
Are stored in

form PERCEIVED REGULARITIES in in KNOWLEDGE CLAIMS Achieved by LEARNING

MOST IMPORTANT

RELATIONSHIPS
are

COGNITIVE STRUCTURE

to
MOST SPECIFIC are LEAST IMPORTANT

EVENTS

OBJECTS

e.g. RAINING EXPLOSION PHOTOSYNTHESIS

e.g.
DOG LEAF WOMAN ROTE

Can be

are

MEANFUL Perception is

Adapted from: Joseph Novak (1991) Clarify with Concept Maps, The Science Teacher 58(7), 45-49.

Where does Concept Mapping Fit Into PBL?

Individual Accountability
expected by depends on

Problem-Based Learning
has

uses

Cooperative Learning Groups working on

reflected in tied to Grades Content Objectives

Faculty Students Society

Learning Goals including achieved with

Group Accountability Process Skills

Problems

that are
Real World Open-ended Complex to promote Individual Learning

based on Examinations

reflected in Peer Evaluation that address and minimize Academic Dishonesty

Group Assignments should limit Divide and Conquer Strategies such as Concept Mapping

Writing Assignments
such as Term Papers PBL Problems Case Studies Peer Feedback

Scholarly Synthesis Organization Disciplinary Rhetoric Student Voice

Revision informed by

Library & Internet Resources

Leadership Communication Conflict Management Sharing Information Accepting Information Peer Evaluation

Stages in the Construction of a Concept Map

Brainstorming Stage Organizing Stage Layout Stage Linking Stage Revising Stage Finalizing Stage

Brainstorming Stage
List any and all terms and concepts associated with the topic of interest.

Write them on Post It Notes, one word or phrase per note.

Don't worry about redundancy, relative importance, or relationships at this point. The objective is to generate the largest possible list.

Brainstorming Stage

Organizing Stage
Spread concepts on a table or blackboard so that all can be read easily. Create groups and sub-groups of related items. Try to group items to emphasize hierarchies. Identify terms that represent higher categories and add them. Feel free to rearrange items and introduce new items omitted initially.

Some concepts will fall into multiple groupings. This will become important in the linking stage.

Organizing Stage

Layout Stage
Arrange terms so that they represent your collective understanding of the interrelationships and connections among groupings. Use a consistent hierarchy in which the most important concepts are in the center or at the top. Within sub-grouping, place closely related items near to each other. Think in terms of connecting the items in a simple sentence that shows the relationship between them. Feel free to rearrange things at any time during this phase. Do not expect your layout to be like that of other groups.

Layout Stage

Linking Phase
Use lines with arrows to connect and show the relationship between connected items. Write a word or short phrase by each arrow to specify the relationship.

Many arrows can originate or terminate on particularly important concepts.

Revising Stage
Carefully examine the draft concept map. Rearrange sections to emphasize organization and appearance. Remove or combine items to simplify. Consider adding color or different fonts. Discuss any aspects where opinions differ

Finalizing the Concept Map

After your group has agreed on an arrangement of items that coveys your understanding, convert the concept map into a permanent form that others can view and discuss.

Be creative in a constructive way through the use of colors, fonts, shapes.

Contains

BLOOD
Contains

Red Blood Cells

Lyse in water to release

CHEMISTRY
Deoxyhemoglobin (Purple Cruorine)

BLOOD TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN

Oxygen
In lungs

Plasma
Which includes

OXYGENATION AND DEOXYGENATION Oxyhemoglobin (Scarlet Cruorine)

Arterial Blood
In tissues

Venous Blood

Clotting Factors
Such as

Reversible dissociation

Oxygen

Water

H2CO3
Heat, Acid, Ethanol decomposition to form

Fibrinogen

O2
Reducing Agents SnII Acid Ether FeII
irreversible

In tissues

H2O
Oxidized Products SnIV FeIII

Reduced Carbon (Food)

Carbon Dioxide

Colored Compound
Has a distinctive

Heme
Spontaneously reacts with oxygen forming

Protein Precipitate

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

slow

Absorption Spectra
Observable with a

Brown Hematin
2H+

Soluble in

BIOLOGY
Concept map illustrating the relationships among significant words and ideas in Stokes 1864 article.

fast

Stabilized by

Spectroscope

Anionic Hematin

Soluble in

Aqueous Base

Tartaric Acid Colorless Product

Indigo

HEMATIN FORMATION AND SEPARATION

OXIDATION AND Oxygen REDUCTION REACTIONS

Concept Map for Zinoffskys Purification of Horse Hemoglobin

Fresh Horse Blood
consists of and will generating

Coagulate (Clot)
due to

Defibrinated Blood
consists of and suspended in

Clotting Factors
suspended in Red Blood Cells

Plasma

Serum
contains many

a.k.a. Erythrocytes can be or Corpuscles Separated Hypotonic Solution

releasing and leaving can form

contains primarily

by

Hemoglobin

Slow

Settling Decomposition

Other Proteins

Crystals Red Cell Ghosts a.k.a. Stroma

in

based on Solubility diff. in

Impurities
by removing

stay in

Purity

Mother Liquor
compared to

20% ethanol at 0C

Constant Composition

Evaluating Concept Maps

Accuracy and Thoroughness. Are the concepts and relationships correct? Are important concepts missing? Are misconceptions apparent?
Organization. Is the concept map laid out in a way that higher order relationships are apparent and easy to follow? Does it have a title? Appearance. Is the assignment done with care showing attention to details such as spelling and penmanship? Is it neat and orderly or is it chaotic and messy? Creativity. Are there unusual elements that aid communication or stimulate interest without being distracting?