Mr. Joel Arman C.

Francisco

 Categorical Start from an absolute statement.

Hypothetical The major premise is

expressing sequentially related concepts or statements. The minor premise affirms , or denies one of the sequentially related statements, and the conclusion affirms, or denies the other statement.

 Categorical Start from an absolute statement.

Hypothetical

The major premise is a

conditioned or sequential statement.

 Categorical Has a major premise, minor premise and conclusion.

Hypothetical There are no Major, Minor,

or middle terms proper in the Hypothetical syllogism. The major premise is so called, because it expresses the sequential proposition proper. The minor premise is so called, because it is a take up or subsumption under the aforesaid sequential proposition.

 Categorical

Hypothetical

There may be more

than three terms, both premises may be negative and the conclusion affirmative, without invalidating the sequence of the conclusion.

 Categorical Hypothetical Express the Express the agreement or dependence of the truth, disagreement or of the falsehood of between one term and another, from one statement, upon the their respective truth, or falsehood of agreement with a another statement. common middle term, or from the agreement of one and disagreement of the other with the middle term.

 Categorical vertical

Hypothetical The hypothetical

inference embodies a sidewise or lateral discursive motion, with the positing process moving in one direction, and the excluding process moving in the opposite direction.

 Conditional Disjunctive Conjunctive Dilemma

 Mixed

Conditional Syllogism Pure Conditional Syllogism

 This

syllogism has as Major premise a conditional proposition, and as a minor premise a categorical statement which either affirms the antecedent of the major premise, or denies the consequent of the major premise.

 If

the minor premise affirms the antecedent of the major premise, the conclusion should affirm the consequent of the major premise.

 Example:

If the patient has terminal cancer, then he is

seriously ill. But the patient has terminal cancer; Therefore, the patient is seriously ill.

 If

the minor premise denies the consequent of the major premise , the conclusion should also deny the antecedent of the major premise

 Example:

If man has no dominion over his act, then he

cannot progress. But, man can progress; Therefore, man has dominion over his acts.

 If

the antecedent is true, then the consequent is also true. If the consequent is false, then the antecedent is also false. If the antecedent is false, then the consequent is doubtful. If the consequent is true, then the antecedent is doubtful.

 Positing

process process

When the minor accepts the antecedent and the

conclusion accepts the consequent.

Denying

When the minor rejects the consequent and the

conclusion rejects the antecedent.

 Constructive

Mood follows the positing

process Destructive Mood follows the denying process

 Both

antecedent and consequent are affirmative. Both antecedent and consequent are negative. Antecedent is affirmative and consequent is negative. Antecedent is negative and consequent is affirmative.

 Constructive

Mood

A>B A B

 Constructive

Mood

~ A > ~B ~A ~B

 Constructive

Mood

A > ~B A ~B

 Constructive

Mood

~A>B ~A B

 Destructive

Mood

A>B ~B ~A

 Destructive

Mood

~A>~B B A

 Destructive

Mood

A>~B B ~A

 Destructive

Mood

~A>B ~B A

If you are merciful, you give alms. But, you give alms; Therefore, you are merciful.

If you study, you will be able to pass the exams. But you do not study; Therefore, you will not be able to pass the exam.

 If

Pedro is not dead, then he is alive. But, Pedro is dead; Therefore, he is not alive.