Understanding Peace

Towards a Holistic Framework of Peace Education

Group Activity

Instructions: 1. Count off 1 - 4 2. Group according to your number and choose a representative 3. Tasking

Energetic Group:
Recap, Prayer and Closing Song

Active Group:
Icebreaker

Peace-loving:
Timekeeper

Greenpeace:
Session room arrangement

Getting-to-know-you Activity

What is your groups chosen name? Who are the individual members of the group? In your group, HOW DO YOU DEFINE P.E.A.C.E.? Present creatively!!! :D 15 mins. Preparation and Max of 5mins. presentation

 How can PEACE?

you

define

What are the LEVELS and PATHWAYS of PEACE?

What is the meaning of CONFLICT and how does it affect you?

PEACE
NEGATIVE DEFINITION Absence of direct physical violence (both micro and macro) POSITIVE DEFINITION Presence of conditions of well-being and just relationships

STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE e.g. poverty, hunger

DIRECT VIOLENCE e.g. war, torture, child and abuse of women

SOCIO CULTURAL VIOLENCE e.g. racism, sexism, religious intolerance

ECOLOGICAL VIOLENCE e.g. pollution, over consumption

Peace with Nature is considered the foundation for positive peace The earth is ultimately the source of our survival, physical sustenance, health and wealth Human behavior is intimately related to the availability of basic resources

Levels of PEACE

Peace between human beings and the earth beyond Global Peace Intergroup/National/ Social Peace Interpersonal Peace PERSONAL PEACE Self respect, inner resources, Love, Hope Respect for other persons, justice, Tolerance, Cooperation Respect for other groups within nation Respect for other nations: Concern for human community Respect for the environment; Sustainable living, Simple Lifestyle

Pathways to PEACE

NEGATIVE DEFINITION Absence of direct physical violence (both micro and macro)

PEACE

POSITIVE DEFINITION Presence of conditions of well-being and just relationships

PEACEBUILDING (Addressing the root causes) Structural Transportation Long Term Development Effective Governance Building of human rights institutions Building of dispute resolution processes Social Justice Well Being

PEACEKEEPING (Preventing Armed Violence) Negotiation Ceasefires

VIOLENCE

Relational and Personal transformation

Understanding CONFLICT

MEANING OF CONFLICT
Different people or groups have different views and perception about various subjects that lead to disagreements. This divergence in thought evokes conflict. Conflict occurs when there is natural competition between two or more parties about scarce resources, power, and social position. In this, struggle over values, power and resources the parties disapprove the opponents goal and existence, thus creating conflict.

STAGES OF CONFLICT
INDIRECT or LATENT CONFLICT: Conflict is within the people involved but unexpressed OPEN CONFLICT: The parties involved express their disagreements. The divergence is apparent. ESCALATION AND POWER TUSSLE: Conflict escalates and opponent starts using power. It turns into a violent one. CLIMAX or VIOLENT STAGE: Violent conflict is at its maximum. Opponents look to eliminate one another

MAIN CAUSES OF CONFLICT

Disparity in access to and control over the resources and opportunity. Unequal distribution of power Violation of human rights Poverty Unmet basic human needs

EFFECTS OF CONFLICT
POSITIVE EFFECTS
Positive change in the society Opportunity for newer possibilities Renewal in relationships Increase in productivity of all sectors

NEGATIVE EFFECTS
Increase in stress people Decrease in production Degradation in relationships and worsening cooperation Restricted areas increase

Conflict: Positive Outlook

ATTITUDES TO CONFLICT
Competition (I win/you lose) : a situation in which getting what I want means to tread on someone elses toes. Submission (I lose/you win) : a situation in which I assert or advance my objectives as long as I do not confront the other party Avoidance (I lose/you lose) : a situation in which neither the objectives nor the relationship are catered for and both are lost. Cooperation (I win/you win) : a situation in which both the objectives and relationships are achieved. Negotiation : a situation in which a another model is usually proposed in which both parties try to win on most important