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    This document discusses independent and dependent clauses, complex sentences, and subordinators. It defines independent clauses as simple sentences and dependent clauses as incomplete phrases that depend on independent clauses. A complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The placement of a comma differentiates between dependent clauses preceding versus following independent clauses. Finally, it lists common subordinators like although, because, and before that connect clauses and indicate logical relationships involving contrast, cause-effect, conditions, and time.

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    This document discusses independent and dependent clauses, complex sentences, and subordinators. It defines independent clauses as simple sentences and dependent clauses as incomplete phrases that depend on independent clauses. A complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The placement of a comma differentiates between dependent clauses preceding versus following independent clauses. Finally, it lists common subordinators like although, because, and before that connect clauses and indicate logical relationships involving contrast, cause-effect, conditions, and time.

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    34 views11 pages

    BBI2421 Lecture Notes (Week 4)

    Uploaded by

    lie-a
    This document discusses independent and dependent clauses, complex sentences, and subordinators. It defines independent clauses as simple sentences and dependent clauses as incomplete phrases that depend on independent clauses. A complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The placement of a comma differentiates between dependent clauses preceding versus following independent clauses. Finally, it lists common subordinators like although, because, and before that connect clauses and indicate logical relationships involving contrast, cause-effect, conditions, and time.

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    BBI2421 General Writing Skills

    Week 4: Independent & Dependent Clauses Complex Sentences Subordinators

    Independent Clauses

    What?
    Another name for a simple sentence.

    E.g.:
    Anna left the party. I will try to finish and submit the report. Muhammad made dinner. They were burgled.

    Dependent Clauses

    What?
    It is not a sentence because the meaning is not complete. It depends on an independent clause to complete its meaning.

    E.g.:
    because she was tired before I joined my friends for lunch after he came home while they were on holiday.

    Complex Sentences
    complex sentence = independent clause + dependent clause

    Complex Sentences
    independent clause [They were burgled.] + dependent clause [while they were away on holiday] = complex sentence [They were burgled while they were away on holiday.]

    Complex Sentences
    Example: Anna left the party because she was tired. I will try to finish and submit the report before I joined my friends for lunch. Muhammad made dinner after he came home.

    They were burgled while they were on holiday.

    Comma Rule in Complex Sentences

    independent clause + dependent clause without comma E.g.:


    We visited the museum before it closed. Alya is the most popular in school because she is smart and pretty.

    Comma Rule in Complex Sentences

    dependent clause + independent clause with comma E.g.:


    Before it closed, we visited the museum. Because she is smart and pretty, Alya is the most popular girl in school.

    Subordinators
    are linking words that are used to join clauses together. are used at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. show relationships between ideas.

    (Taken from http://jonsenglishsite.info/Sent%20Comb%20Pages/Unit4Subordinators.htm)

    Subordinators
    Subordinator although, though, even though, while, whereas because, since Logical Relationship contrast Example Although I am a senior, I have 40 more units to take. School is taking longer because I have to work. I can go the movies if I finish my homework.

    result/cause

    if

    condition

    (Taken from http://jonsenglishsite.info/Sent%20Comb%20Pages/Unit4Subordinators.htm)

    Subordinators
    Subordinator
    unless

    Logical Relationship condition

    Example
    I cannot go to the movies unless I finish my homework. Ill try to finish my homework before I go to the movies.

    before, after, when, whenever, until, as soon as

    time

    (Taken from http://jonsenglishsite.info/Sent%20Comb%20Pages/Unit4Subordinators.htm)

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