Chapter 3: Heredity and Variation

Subtopic: Cell division

By the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

ii. State what are genes, deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) and chromosomes
iii. Describe the relationship between gene, DNA
and chromosome.
Cell division

Human built up of billions of cells

Growth involve continuous cell
division which are controlled by
genetic material in the nucleus
 Nucleu
s
C
ell
Ch romo some
§ Nucleus control the activities in the cell
§ The long fine thread-like structure in the nucleus are
called chromosome
§ Chromosomes provide all the information for living
organism to function and genetics information for
living organism to grow and live.
 Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
chromosom
e
qChromosome are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)
qThe DNA is a large organic molecule with two strands,
twisted into a spiral staircase formation called a double
helix
qDNA carries genetic instruction which the cell need to
carry out its activities
 Gene
DNA

Genes are pieces of DNA

They are arrange along the length
of the chromosomes
They are hereditary materials
which are responsible to
producing characteristics of the
organism
RELATIOSHIP BETWEEN THEM Deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA)

responsible to
Gene producing
characteristic
s
Carry genetic
instruction

C
ell

Control activity of
Provide
chromosom
genetic to
e
function,
Nucleu to grow
s and live.