Hydraulic Power Basics

Hydraulic fluid Components System type

Hydraulic Power Basics

Hydraulic fluid
Low freezing point minimum viscosity change with temperature variations good lubrication quality high flash point anti-corrosive quality minimum effect on rubber based seals and lines

Hydraulic Power Basics

Hydraulic fluid
TYPE VEGETABLE MINERAL DYED COLOR NO RED SEALS & HOSES PURE RUBER NOT NATURE RUBBER BUTYLRUBBER, ETHYLENE, PROPYLENE, TEFLON USAGE Light A/C brake BRAKE, HYD, LANDING GEAR LARGE A/C

SYNTHETIC

GREEN, PURPLE, AMBER

Hydraulic Power Basics

Components
Pump Pipe-line , Hoses Reservoir Accumulator Motor Valve Actuator Filter

Hydraulic Pump
Fixed Volume Pump

Variable Volume Pump

Hydraulic Pipeline

Hydraulic Reservoir

Hydraulic Motor

Hydraulic Power Basics

System type - Open vs Close

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

General
The hydraulic power is used to operate high power demand services :
Flight controls ATA 27 Landing gear and braking system ATA 32 Cargo compartment doors ATA 52 Electrical Power (CSM/G) ATA 24 Thrust reversers ATA 78 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS (29-10) AUXILIARY HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS (29-20) HYDRAULIC INDICATING SYSTEM (29-30)

The system is consists of :

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-10 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
The main hydraulic power systems are those which supply the high power consumers of the aircraft with hydraulic power. The aircraft has multiple main independent hydraulic systems. The systems are hydraulically isolated from each other. It is not possible for hydraulic fluid to go from one system to any other system.

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-10 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Each system includes:
A reservoir to supply the hydraulic fluid to the pump and to collect fluid from the return line. Hydraulic reservoir pressurization system. The aircraft has a pressurization system for the hydraulic reservoirs. Each reservoir gets pressurized air to 45~65 psia(usual operation in flight or on ground), which prevents cavitation of the pumps, maintains normal return pressure in the hydraulic system, and also helps to prevent foaming in the reservoirs. The system also remains airtight in the event of failure of the pressurization system or after an engine shutdown. One (or two) engine pump(s) directly connected through the accessory gearbox.

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-10 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Each system includes(cont) :
The engine pump pressurizes automatically the hydraulic system in a few seconds at a nominal pressure of 3000 PSI (206 bars) when the relevant engine operates. A fire shut off valve installed on the suction line of each engine pump and which isolates the pump from the reservoir in case of fire or suction line rupture, or engine burst failure affecting at least two hydraulic systems. A HP manifold which directs pressure to all the user systems and on which are installed: pressure switches a pressure transducer a relief valve a leakage measurement solenoid valve.

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-10 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Each system includes(cont) :
A ground service manifold to isolate on ground each section of the system for the internal leakage measurement. A system accumulator to damp pressure surges and compensate pump response time in the event of high output demand. Valves (check valves - priority valves, pressure-relief valves, selector valves) which govern the possibility, direction or priority of fluid flow. Filters, which maintain cleanliness of the fluid. Return manifolds.

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-10 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Each system includes(cont) :
It is also possible to pressurize each main system with one or more of the auxiliary systems if the main pumps cannot be used or if for maintenance, a ground power cart is not available. For maintenance all the systems can also be pressurized from a ground power cart. Connectors are installed on the ground service panels of the systems.

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-10 MAIN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

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29-20 AUXILIARY HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
The auxiliary hydraulic systems supply alternative pressure sources to hydraulic systems in case of total engine failure. These are the auxiliary hydraulic systems: Electric hydraulic pump. Hydraulic power transfer unit (PTU). Ram Air Turbine(RAT).

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

RAT

ATA 29 Hydraulic Power

29-30 HYDRAULIC INDICATION SYSTEMS
The hydraulic systems have sensors which monitor the condition of the systems. The sensors monitor:
the contents of the hydraulic fluid in the reservoirs the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the systems the output pressure of the pumps the temperature of the hydraulic fluid (reservoir, electrical pump) the internal pressure of the reservoir