PNEUMATIC

Amalan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal II

BDA 1811

Prepared by:
Saliana binti Sanusi
saliana@uthm.edu.my
Tel: 013-3878446

Department of Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering,

Faculty of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering
Assessment

Task 1 : 20%
Task 2 : 30%
Task 3 : 30%
Test/Assignment : 20%
Learning Outcomes:

After finish this task, students are able

to:
Write definition of Automation
List automation types & application
Identify driven energy for automation
Identify & draw pneumatic equipments’
symbol according to ISO 1219
standards
Draw a correct pneumatic control circuit
AUTOMATION

Definition

It is a technology concerned with the application

of mechanical, electronic and computer-based
systems to operate and control production

(Automation, production systems and computer integrated

Manufacturing, Mikell P. Groover)
Some engineering disciplines
relate to Automation Technology
 Instrumentation & Engineering Control
 Fluid mechanics
 Fluid Power
 Engineering Mathematics
 Engineering Material
 Basic Electronics and Electricity
 Basic Computer Science – Logic &
Programming
You have to master those subjects if you
want to be an AUTOMATION expertise
Automatic machine tools
Automatic assembly machine
Industrial robot
Automatic material handling and
retrieval system
Automatic inspection systems for
quality control
Feedback & computer process
control
The reasons why we choose
automation
 Increaseproductivity
 High cost of labour
 Labor shortages
 Safety
 High cost of raw material
 Improve quality
 Reduction of in-process inventory
Automation type
 Fixed automation
 Pneumatic, hydraulic

 Programmable automation
 PLC, industrial robot

 Flexible automation
 CIM, FMS,
Complex

The comparison
Programmable
Automation
Product variety

Flexible
Automation

Manual Fixed
Methods Automation

Low High
Production volume
Automation Level
ERP, SCM
(management level)
MES
(planning level)
SCADA network
(supervision level)
PLC, PC, PID
(control level)
Sensors, Actuators, Valves
(field level)
Automation is powered by several forms
of energy such as Pneumatic, Electric
and Hydraulic
PNEUMATIC
 Introduction
The term ‘pneuma’ is derived from the
ancient Greek, and meant breath or wind,
and also the soul in philosophy
Definition
 Pneumatic is the science of mechanical
properties of elastic fluid

 Inindustry ‘pneumatic’ generally refers to

the use of compressed air to transmit
power and/or motion
 We use
energy to
move a Load

If we use pneumatic energy,

we shall take the air, compact
it into a case and release it with
a certain amount of volume to
an actuator. The actuator will
move a load.

dans la mémoire avec de l'Al Khwarizmi

This is actually what happen!!!

Air

Compressed Air

load
Pneumatic system structure & signal flow
Actuating devices
Outputs

Final control element

Control signal

Processing element
Processing signals

Input elements
Input signals

Energy supply
Source
Direct control of a pneumatic cylinder
Indirect control of a pneumatic cylinder
Single acting cylinder
 Used mainly for clamping, ejecting,
pressing in, lifting, feeding etc.
Control of a single-acting cylinder
Double acting cylinder
Control of a double-acting cylinder
Basic symbol referring to ISO 1219
Actuators…..

DAC -
Double Acting
Non-adjustable
cushioning

Single Acting

DAC-single
Adjustable DAC-Adjustable
cushioning Cushioning both ends
Valve symbol description
Valves…..
3/2 way Directional Control Valve

4/2 way Directional control valve

5/2 way Directional Control Valve

5/3 way Directional Control Valve

Cont…

Flow control valve

Check valve

Shuttle valve

Two pressure valve

One way flow control valve

Methods of actuations

Manual op Air pilot

Push button Pressure release

Lever op Solenoid op

Foot pedal Solenoid with pilot op

Roller op
Spring return

Idle roller op
 According to ISO 1219 – pneumatic
schematic circuit

Actuating element

Processing
Element

Input
PB
Elements b+

Actual Movement
Energy Supply
Real application
PNEUMATIC PRACTICE 1

Logic elements
 OR function
 AND function

Control valves
 Flow control valve
 One way flow control valve
 Check valve
OR function
AND function
Flow control valve – throttle valve
One-way flow control valve
Check valve
Task 1
Design the electro-pneumatic control circuit for
the following operations :
 Press switch A to extends a cylinder piston and
press switch C to retracts it.
 Press either switch A or B will extend a cylinder
piston. Then, it will be automatically retracted
when touching a limit switch.
 Press switch A will extends a cylinder piston. It
will be retracted if a sensor detect it end while
switch B is pressed.
 *Use a 5/2 way DCV double solenoids.