GCSE Mathematics

Targeting Grade C
Unit 2 Algebra 2

Can You ?
Solving simple linear equations Unknowns on both sides of the equation

If not you need

Top: Review 1 - How much do you know? Practice 1: Solving equations with the unknown on one side Practice 2: Solving equations with the unknown on both sides

Try a test
Factorising an expression Form equations Try a test

TAIL 1
Practice 3: Writing the expression in a different form using brackets Practice 4: Forming equations TAIL 2

TOP
(i) (ii)

How much do you know? Solve the following

x + 5 = 16 3x + 4 = 19 x = 11

Are you ready for the answers ?

x=5
(2)

(b)

6y + 9 = 45

y=6

(c)

2x 5 = -1

x=2

(1) (2)

(d) (e)

4(x + 3) = 20 29 = 9x - 7

x=2 (1) x=4 (1) (Total 7 marks)

Lesson

Practice 1: (a) (i)

Solve:

Are you ready for the answers ?

x=4

4x + 2 = 18

(ii)

8x 5 = 19

x=3 y=5

(iii)

7 = 3y - 8

Multiply out the brackets first: (a) 2(x + 3) = 16 x=5

(1) (c)
Lesson

3(2x 3) = 9

x=3 (2)

Practice 2: (i)

Solve: 2x + 3 = x + 7
x=4

Are you ready for the answers ?

(ii)

8r + 3 = 5r + 12
3r = 9 r=3

(2)

(iii)

9x 14 = 4x + 11
5x = 25 x=5

(2)

(2)

(iv)

20y 16 = 18y - 10
2y = 6 y=3

(2)

Lesson

TAIL 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3x 5 = 10

Are you ready for the answers ?

5y + 6 = 21 2(x + 4) = 12 5(y - 3) = 4

8x + 12 = 20
4x + 5 = 2x + 9 3y 2 = 2y + 8
5t 8 = t + 16 15x + 6 = 7x - 2 20y 16 = 18y - 10
Next

TAIL Answers

Are you ready for the answers ?

3x 5 = 10

Lesson

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

x=3 y=3 x=2

y=4

5y + 6 = 21 2(x + 4) = 12 5(y 3) = 5
8x + 12 = 20

x=1
x=2 y = 10 t=6 x = -1
y=3

4x +5 = 2x + 9 3y 2 = 2y + 8
5t 8 = t + 16

15x + 6 = 7x - 2
20y 16 = 18y -10

Factorising means...

Putting brackets in

This is the exact reverse of multiplying out the brackets. This is what you have to do...

Take out the biggest number that goes into all the terms Take out each letter that will go into every term the highest power
Factorise 3x + 6 = 3(x + 2) 3 divides into 3 and 6

Multiply out the brackets to check...

3(x + 2) = 3x + 6
For more click here

Look at these examples

5x + 15x

5 divides into 5 and 15 x divides into x and x

= 5x(x + 3)
Multiply out the brackets to check 5x(x + 3) = 5x + 15x

4x - 8xy

4 divides into 4 and 8 x divides into x and x

= 4x(x 2y)
Multiply out the brackets to check
For more practice click here

4x(x 2y) = 4x - 8xy

Can you factorise these?

Write down your solutions to:

Are you ready for the answers ?

3(3x + 4)
2(x -3)

1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

9x + 12
10x - 6 9 3x 3x + 5xy x - 9x x + x 3x + 6xy p + 6p

3(3 x) x(3 + 5y)

x(x 3) x(x + 1) 3x(x + 2y) p(p + 6) 4x(2x + x) ax(x + 1)
Lesson
(10)

9.
10.

8x + 4x
ax + ax

Have a go at...
1. Mr Smith owns minibuses and coaches. Each minibus has 12 seats.

Forming equations

(a) Write an expression, in terms of m, for the number of seats in m minibuses. 12m
(1)

Each coach has 48 seats

(b) Write an expression, in terms of m and c, for the number of seats in m minibuses and c coaches.

12m + 48c (2)

(Total 3 marks)

Are you ready for the answers ?

More practice

Lisa packs pencils in boxes. She packs 12 pencils in each box. Lisa packs x boxes of pencils.

(a)

Write an expression, in terms of x, for the number of pencils Lisa packs. 12x ................................. (1)

Lisa also packs pens in boxes. She packs 10 pens into each box. Lisa packs y boxes of pens. (b) Write down an expression, in terms of x and y, for the total number of pens and pencils Lisa packs. 10y + 12x ................................. (2) Are you ready for (Total 3 marks)

the answers ?

More practice

The diagram represents a garden. All measurements are given in metres. The garden has a flowerbed in one corner. The flowerbed is a square of side x.
5

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

Flowerbed

(a) Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the shortest side of the garden. x+2 .....................................
(1)

(b) Find an expression, in terms of x, for the perimeter of the garden. Give your answer in its simplest form.
4x + 14 ..................................... (2) The perimeter of the garden is 20 metres. (c) Find the value of x. 4x + 14 = 20 4x = 6
More practice

Are you ready for the answers ?

(2) (Total 5 marks)

x = 6/4 = 1

The cost, in pounds, of hiring a car can be worked out using this rule.

Add 3 to the number of days hire

Multiply your answer by 10
(a) Work out the cost of hiring a car for 4 days.9

Are you ready for the answers ?

70 (2)

Bishen hired a car. The cost was 120 (b) Work out the number of days for which Bishen hired the car.

(c)

The cost of hiring a car for n days is C pounds. Write down a formula for C in terms of n.

9 .. (2)

10(n+3) .. (3) (Total 7 marks)

More practice

The width of a rectangle is x centimetres. The length of the rectangle is (x + 4) centimetres.

(a)

Find an expression, in terms of x, for the perimeter of the rectangle. Give your expression in its simplest form

(b)

The perimeter of the rectangle is 54 centimetres. Work out the length of the rectangle.
4x + 8 = 54 4x = 46 x = 46/4 = 11

4x + 8 . (2)

The length must be

11 + 4 = 15 cm.

15 cm (3) (Total 5 marks)

Lesson

Are you ready for the answers ?

1. (a) Factorise

TAIL 2
15x + 5 5(3x +1)

Are you ready for the answers ?

(b)

Factorise

6y - 3y

3y(2y 1) a(a + 1)

(c)

Factorise

a + a

(d)

Factorise

18x + 12x

6x(3x + 2)

(e)

Simplify

xy - xy

xy(y 1)

Click for the next question

2. (a) used.

Jennifer made x cakes. She put 4 sweets on top of each cake.

TAIL 2

Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the number of sweets she 4x .. (1) Paul made 3 more cakes than Jennifer.

(b) made.

Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the number of cakes Paul x+3 .. (1) Paul also put 4 sweets on each of his cakes.

(c) used.

Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the number of sweets Paul

Are you ready for the answers ?

Click for next question

4(x + 3) .. (1)

(Total 3 marks)

3.

Eggs are sold in boxes. A small box holds 6 eggs. A large box holds 12 eggs. Hina buys x small boxes of eggs.

TAIL 2

Hina also buys 4 less of the large boxes of eggs than the small boxes. (a) Find, in terms of x, the total number of eggs in the large boxes that Hina buys. 12(x 4) .......................... (1) Find, in terms of x, the total number of eggs that Hina buys. Give your answer in its simplest form. 12(x 4) large eggs and 6x small eggs 12x 48 + 6x = 18x - 48 18x - 48 .......................... (2) (Total 3 marks)

(b)

Are you ready for the answers ?

Click for the next question

4.

The perimeter of this triangle is 19 cm. All lengths on the diagram are in centimetres.
(t + 4) (t + 3)

Are you ready for the answers ?

(t 1)

Work out the value of t. 3t + 6 = 19 3t = 13 t = 13/3 = 4

4 t = (Total 3 marks)

Lesson