GROUP 1

WINDOW AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION WORKING PRINCIPLE PARTS APPLICATIONS Air conditioning is the removal of heat from indoor air for thermal comfort. In another sense, the term can refer to any form of cooling, heating, ventilation, or disinfection that modifies the condition of air.

An air conditioner (often referred to as AC or air con). It is an appliance, system, or machine designed to change the air temperature and humidity within an area.

Typically using a refrigeration cycle but sometimes using evaporation, commonly for comfort cooling in buildings and motor vehicles.

PARTS

Basic parts The following are the basic parts for a window unit air conditioner. Exterior Adjustable louvers Control panel Front grill Thermostat sensor Interior Blower Partition Fan Compressor Condenser coil Evaporator coil Filter

Evaporator - Receives the liquid refrigerant Condenser - Facilitates heat transfer Expansion valve - regulates refrigerant flow into the evaporator Compressor - A pump that pressurizes refrigerant

WORKING PROCESS Air conditioners use refrigeration to chill indoor air. Taking advantage of a remarkable physical law: When a liquid converts to a gas (in a process called phase conversion), it absorbs heat. Air conditioners exploit this feature of phase conversion by forcing special chemical compounds to evaporate and condense over and over again in a closed system of coils. The compounds involved are refrigerants that have properties enabling them to change at relatively low temperatures. Air conditioners also contain fans that move warm interior air over these cold, refrigerant-filled coils.

In fact, central air conditioners have a whole system of ducts designed to funnel air to and from these serpentine, airchilling coils. When hot air flows over the cold, lowpressure evaporator coils, the refrigerant inside absorbs heat as it changes from a liquid to a gaseous state. To keep cooling efficiently, the air conditioner has to convert the refrigerant gas back to a liquid again. To do that, a compressor puts the gas under high pressure, a process that creates unwanted heat. All the extra heat created by compressing the gas is then evacuated to the outdoors with the help of a second set of coils called condenser coils, and a second fan.

 As the gas cools, it changes back to a liquid, and the process starts all over again. Think of it as an endless, elegant cycle: liquid refrigerant, phase conversion to a gas/ heat absorption, compression and phase transition back to a liquid again. Refrigerant is chilling the indoor air, and the resulting gas is being continually compressed and cooled for conversion back to a liquid again. The cold side of an air conditioner contains the evaporator and a fan that blows air over the chilled coils and into the room. According to parts, The hot side contains the compressor, condenser and another fan to vent hot air coming off the compressed refrigerant to the outdoors.

 In between the two sets of coils, there's an expansion valve. It regulates the amount of compressed liquid refrigerant moving into the evaporator. Once in the evaporator, the refrigerant experiences a pressure drop, expands and changes back into a gas. The compressor is actually a large electric pump that pressurizes the refrigerant gas as part of the process of turning it back into a liquid. Window air conditioners have all these components mounted into a relatively small metal box that installs into a window opening.

The hot air vents from the back of the unit, while the condenser coils and a fan cool and re-circulate indoor air

APPLICATIONS
Air-conditioning engineers broadly divide air-conditioning applications into what they call comfort and process applications. Comfort applications aim to provide a building indoor environment that remains relatively constant despite changes in external weather conditions or in internal heat loads. Air conditioning makes deep plan buildings feasible, for otherwise they would have to be built narrower or with light wells so that inner spaces received sufficient outdoor air via natural ventilation. Low-Rise Residential buildings, including single family houses, duplexes, and small apartment buildings. High-Rise Residential buildings, such as tall dormitories and apartment blocks Commercial buildings, which are built for commerce, including offices, malls, shopping centres, restaurants, etc. Institutional buildings, which includes government buildings, hospitals, schools, etc. Industrial spaces where thermal comfort of workers is desired. Sports Stadiums

Air conditioning also allows buildings to be taller, since wind speed increases significantly with altitude making natural ventilation impractical for very tall buildings.

APPLICATIONS The structural impact of an air conditioning unit will depend on the type and size of the unit. In addition to buildings, air conditioning can be used for many types of transportation motor-cars, buses and other land vehicles, trains, ships, aircraft, and spacecraft.
Process applications aim to provide a suitable environment for a process being carried out, regardless of internal heat and humidity loads and external weather conditions. Data centers Textile manufacturing Physical testing facilities Plants and farm growing areas Nuclear power facilities Chemical and biological laboratories Mining Industrial environments Food cooking and processing areas Hospital operation theatres