Forest Management

International Management Institute (IMI) Prof. N.K.Uberoi

1998 Floods in Yangtz River Basin of China. 3656 Died; 120 millions affected.

No unusual Rains.
Reason: During the past few decades basin had lost 80% forest cover. Lesson for others

Traditionally Forest are cut for (i) Fuel wood. But tradition worked on Regenerative Principle. (ii) For expanding Cropland and Range Land for Agricultural and Farming Activity. Case study of Algeria: Forests cleared for conversion for cropland till the end of 1990s reverse process started now for orchards.

(iii) Lumber wood: CP Teak- Assam Teak

Import now from Malaysia

Case study of Philipines Exporter to Importer (iv) Paper Industry, Paper Board USA, UK, Germany, Japan, France, Canada All consume paper at higher rate than India per capita.

Forest Services (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) Flood Control Soil conservation Water conservation Biodiversity Food Chain, Ecosystem balance Climate Regulation Livelihood Desilting especially for Dams Tourism

Sustainable Forestry Fuel wood Reduce its use - DA contribution stoves For Lumber and protection from Logging. (i) certification that Logs originate from sustainability managed forests. RP like Carpets and labour employed. (ii) Have low quality wood production to lessen the demand.

Larger part of Paper produced is used for newsprint: (i) Have fewer pages. Internet News (ii) Electronic Era - paperless office (iii) US Today - a newspaper published in USA is thin, high rate of ad. more news than ads.

(iv) In publishing more E-books.

(v) Paper Recycling: Kabari Service Maximum recycling in Germany, S. Korea, Sweden, Japan and Canada, Less in Italy, India, Chaina.

Plantations Five countries launched massive program

China
Russia USA India Japan

40 million Hectare
80 16 12 10

Produce wood for pulp Lumber wood

Reforestation To restore the health of Earth for preventing floods, recharging acquifers, soil erosion. South Korea Model with successful Reforestation, comparison to N. Korea which faces droughts and floods. Green Wall of China 2800 miles as a result of tree planting everyday for 5 years.

Compensatory Afforestation - India To be done on equivalent area of non-forest land (NFL). NFL as near as possible to original Compensatory Afforestation project to be cleared by Govt.

Tropical Rain Forest (TRF) Located between tropic of Cancer and Capricorn.

50% of Biodiversity in TRF

Management Principle Harvesting rather than cutting. Sustainability demands: improving lives of dwellers and expanding employment

Mangroves Location: Intertidal Regions Rich in Biodiversity Stabalize shore line Plants grown have high capacity for salt tolerance Govt. effort for Mgt. of Mangroves and Coral Reefs- 1987 conservation Program of MEF. Action Plan for Mgt. of : Snnderbans, Goa, Andaman Nicobar, East Godari, Pichavarm (TN)